Price Action: Engulfing Patterns

Bullish Engulfing Pattern Detection: A bullish engulfing pattern is identified when the previous candle is bearish (close[1] < open[1]), the current candle is bullish (close > open), and the current candle's body engulfs the previous candle's body (close >= open[1] and open <= close[1]).

Bearish Engulfing Pattern Detection: A bearish engulfing pattern is identified when the previous candle is bullish (close[1] > open[1]), the current candle is bearish (close < open), and the current candle's body engulfs the previous candle's body (open >= close[1] and close <= open[1]).

Plotting the Patterns: The plotshape function is used to mark the detected patterns on the chart. Bullish engulfing patterns are marked below the bar with a green upward label, while bearish engulfing patterns are marked above the bar with a red downward label.