Advanced Market TheoryADVANCED MARKET THEORY (AMT)
This is not an indicator. It is a lens through which to see the true nature of the market.
Welcome to the definitive application of Auction Market Theory. What you have before you is the culmination of decades of market theory, fused with state-of-the-art data analysis and visual engineering. It is an institutional-grade intelligence engine designed for the serious trader who seeks to move beyond simplistic indicators and understand the fundamental forces that drive price.
This guide is your complete reference. Read it. Study it. Internalize it. The market is a complex story, and this tool is the language with which to read it.
PART I: THE GRAND THEORY - A UNIVERSE IN AN AUCTION
To understand the market, you must first understand its purpose. The market is a mechanism of discovery, organized by a continuous, two-way auction.
This foundational concept was pioneered by the legendary trader J. Peter Steidlmayer at the Chicago Board of Trade in the 1980s. He observed that beneath the chaotic facade of ticking prices lies a beautifully organized structure. The market's primary function is not to go up or down, but to facilitate trade by seeking a price level that encourages the maximum amount of interaction between buyers and sellers. This price is "value."
The Organizing Principle: The Normal Distribution
Over any given period, the market's activity will naturally form a bell curve (a normal distribution) turned on its side. This is the blueprint of the auction.
The Point of Control (POC): This is the peak of the bell curve—the single price level where the most trade occurred. It represents the point of maximum consensus, the "fairest price" as determined by the market participants. It is the gravitational center of the session.
The Value Area (VA): This is the heart of the bell curve, typically containing 70% of the session's activity (one standard deviation). This is the zone of "accepted value." Prices within this area are considered fair and are where the market is most comfortable conducting business.
The Extremes: The thin areas at the top and bottom of the curve are the "unfair" prices. These are levels where one side of the auction (buyers at the top, sellers at the bottom) was shut off, and trade was quickly rejected. These are areas of emotional trading and excess.
The Narrative of the Day: Balance vs. Imbalance
Every trading session is a story of the market's search for value.
Balance: When the market rotates and builds a symmetrical, bell-shaped profile, it is in a state of balance . Buyers and sellers are in agreement, and the market is range-bound.
Imbalance: When the market moves decisively away from a balanced area, it is in a state of imbalance . This is a trend. The market is actively seeking new information and a new area of value because the old one was rejected.
Your Purpose as a Trader
Your job is to read this story in real-time. Are we in balance or imbalance? Is the auction succeeding or failing at these new prices? The Advanced Market Theory engine is your Rosetta Stone to translate this complex narrative into actionable intelligence.
PART II: THE AMT ENGINE - AN EVOLUTION IN MARKET VISION
A standard market profile tool shows you a picture. The AMT Engine gives you the architect's full schematics, the engineer's stress tests, and the psychologist's behavioral analysis, all at once.
This is what makes it the Advanced Market Theory. We have fused the timeless principles with layers of modern intelligence:
TRINITY ANALYSIS: You can view the market through three distinct lenses. A Volume Profile shows where the money traded. A TPO (Time) Profile shows where the market spent its time. The revolutionary Hybrid Profile fuses both, giving you a complete picture of market conviction—marrying volume with duration.
AUTOMATED STRUCTURAL DECODING: The engine acts as your automated analyst, identifying critical structural phenomena in real-time:
Poor Highs/Lows: Weak auction points that signal a high probability of reversal.
Single Prints & Ledges: Footprints of rapid, aggressive market moves and areas of strong institutional acceptance.
Day Type Classification: The engine analyzes the session's personality as it develops ("Trend Day," "Normal Day," etc.), allowing you to adapt your strategy to the market's current character.
MACRO & MICRO FUSION: Via the Composite Profile , the engine merges weeks of data to reveal the major institutional battlegrounds that govern long-term price action. You can see the daily skirmish and the multi-month war on a single chart.
ORDER FLOW INTELLIGENCE: The ultimate advancement is the integrated Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD) engine. This moves beyond structure to analyze the raw aggression of buyers versus sellers. It is your window into the market's soul, automatically detecting critical Divergences that often precede major trend shifts.
ADAPTIVE SIGNALING: The engine's signal generation is not static; it is a thinking system. It evaluates setups based on a multi-factor Confluence Score , understands the market Regime (e.g., High Volatility), and adjusts its own confidence ( Probability % ) based on the complete context.
This is not a tool that gives you signals. This is a tool that gives you understanding .
PART III: THE VISUAL KEY - A LEXICON OF MARKET STRUCTURE
Every element on your chart is a piece of information. This is your guide to reading it fluently.
--- THE CORE ARCHITECTURE ---
The Profile Histogram: The primary visual on the left of each session. Its shape is the story. A thin profile is a trend; a fat, symmetrical profile is balance.
Blue Box : The zone of accepted, "fair" value. The heart of the session's business.
Bright Orange Line & Label : The Point of Control. The gravitational center. The price of maximum consensus. The most significant intraday level.
Dashed Blue Lines & Labels : The boundaries of value. Critical inflection points where the market decides to either remain in balance or seek value elsewhere.
Dashed Cyan Lines & Labels : The major, long-term structural levels derived from weeks of data. These are institutional reference points and carry immense weight. Treat them as primary support and resistance.
Dashed Orange Lines & Labels : Marks a Poor or Unfinished Auction . These represent emotional, weak extremes and are high-probability targets for future price action.
Diamond Markers : Mark Single Prints , which are footprints of aggressive, one-sided moves that left a "liquidity vacuum." Price is often drawn back to these levels to "repair" the poor structure.
Arrow Markers : Mark Ledges , which are areas of strong horizontal acceptance. They often act as powerful support/resistance in the future.
Dotted Gray Lines & Labels : The projected daily range based on multiples of the Initial Balance . Use them to set realistic profit targets and gauge the day's potential.
--- THE SIGNAL SUITE ---
Colored Triangles : These are your high-probability entry signals. The color is a strategic playbook:
Gold Triangle : ELITE Signal. An A+ setup with overwhelming confluence. This is the highest quality signal the engine can produce.
Yellow Triangle : FADE Signal. A counter-trend setup against an exhausted move at a structural extreme.
Cyan Triangle : BREAKOUT Signal. A momentum setup attempting to capitalize on a breakout from the value area.
Purple Triangle : ROTATION Signal. A mean-reversion setup within the value area, typically from one edge towards the POC.
Magenta Triangle : LIQUIDITY Signal. A sophisticated setup that identifies a "stop run" or liquidity sweep.
Percentage Number: The engine's calculated probability of success . This is not a guarantee, but a data-driven confidence score.
Dotted Gray Line: The signal's Entry Price .
Dashed Green Lines: The calculated Take Profit Targets .
Dashed Red Line: The calculated Stop Loss level.
PART IV: THE DASHBOARD - YOUR STRATEGIC COMMAND CENTER
The dashboard is your real-time intelligence briefing. It synthesizes all the engine's analysis into a clear, concise, and constantly updating summary.
--- CURRENT SESSION ---
POC, VAH, VAL: The live values for the core structure.
Profile Shape: Is the current auction top-heavy ( b-shaped ), bottom-heavy ( P-shaped ), or balanced ( D-shaped )?
VA Width: Is the value area expanding (trending) or contracting (balancing)?
Day Type: The engine's judgment on the day's personality. Use this to select the right strategy.
IB Range & POC Trend: Key metrics for understanding the opening sentiment and its evolution.
--- CVD ANALYSIS ---
Session CVD: The raw order flow. Is there more net buying or selling pressure in this session?
CVD Trend & DIVERGENCE: This is your order flow intelligence. Is the order flow confirming the price action? If "DIVERGENCE" flashes, it is a critical, high-alert warning of a potential reversal.
--- MARKET METRICS ---
Volume, ATR, RSI: Your standard contextual metrics, providing a quick read on activity, volatility, and momentum.
Regime: The engine's assessment of the broad market environment: High Volatility (favor breakouts), Low Volatility (favor mean reversion), or Normal .
--- PROFILE STATS, COMPOSITE, & STRUCTURE ---
These sections give you a quick quantitative summary of the profile structure, the major long-term Composite levels, and any active Poor Structures.
--- SIGNAL TYPES & ACTIVE SIGNAL ---
A permanent key to the signal colors and their meanings, along with the full details of the most recent active signal: its Type , Probability , Entry , Stop , and Target .
PART V: THE INPUTS MENU - CALIBRATING YOUR LENS
This engine is designed to be calibrated to your specific needs as a trader. Every input is a lever. This is not a "one size fits all" tool. The extensive tooltips are your built-in user manual, but here are the key areas of focus:
--- MARKET PROFILE ENGINE ---
Profile Mode: This is the most fundamental choice. Volume is the standard for price-based support and resistance. TPO is for analyzing time-based acceptance. Hybrid is the professional's choice, fusing both for a complete picture.
Profile Resolution: This is your zoom lens. Lower values for scalping and intraday precision. Higher values for a cleaner, big-picture view suitable for swing trading.
Composite Sessions: Your timeframe for macro analysis. 5-10 sessions for a weekly view; 20-30 sessions for a monthly, structural view.
--- SESSION & VALUE AREA ---
These settings must be configured correctly for your specific asset. The Session times are critical. The Initial Balance should reflect the key opening period for your market (60 minutes is standard for equities).
--- SIGNAL ENGINE & RISK MANAGEMENT ---
Signal Mode: THIS IS YOUR PERSONAL RISK PROFILE. Set it to Conservative to see only the absolute best A+ setups. Use Elite or Balanced for a standard approach. Use Aggressive only if you are an experienced scalper comfortable with managing more frequent, lower-probability setups.
ATR Multipliers: This suite gives you full, dynamic control over your risk/reward parameters. You can precisely define your initial stop loss distance and profit targets based on the market's current volatility.
A FINAL WORD FROM THE ARCHITECT
The creation of this engine was a journey into the very heart of market dynamics. It was born from a frustrating truth: that the most profound market theories were often confined to books and expensive institutional platforms, inaccessible to the modern retail trader. The goal was to bridge that gap.
The challenge was monumental. Making each discrete system—the volume profile, the TPO counter, the composite engine, the CVD tracker, the signal generator, the dynamic dashboard—work was a task in itself. But the true struggle, the frustrating, painstaking process that consumed countless hours, was making them work in unison . It was about ensuring the CVD analysis could intelligently inform the signal engine, that the day type classification could adjust the probability scores, and that the composite levels could provide context to the intraday structure, all in a seamless, real-time dance of data.
This engine is the result of that relentless pursuit of integration. It is built on the belief that a trader's greatest asset is not a signal, but clarity . It was designed to clear the noise, to organize the chaos, and to present the elegant, underlying logic of the market auction so that you can make better, more informed, and more confident decisions.
It is now in your hands. Use it not as a crutch, but as a lens. See the market for what it truly is.
"The market can remain irrational longer than you can remain solvent."
- John Maynard Keynes
DISCLAIMER
This script is an advanced analytical tool provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not financial advice. All trading involves substantial risk, and past performance is not indicative of future results. The signals, probabilities, and metrics generated by this indicator do not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any financial instrument. You, the user, are solely responsible for all trading decisions, risk management, and outcomes. Use this tool to supplement your own analysis and trading strategy.
PUBLISHING CATEGORIES
Volume Profile
Market Profile
Order Flow
Tìm kiếm tập lệnh với "imbalance"
Ultimate Market Structure [Alpha Extract]Ultimate Market Structure
A comprehensive market structure analysis tool that combines advanced swing point detection, imbalance zone identification, and intelligent break analysis to identify high-probability trading opportunities.Utilizing a sophisticated trend scoring system, this indicator classifies market conditions and provides clear signals for structure breaks, directional changes, and fair value gap detection with institutional-grade precision.
🔶 Advanced Swing Point Detection
Identifies pivot highs and lows using configurable lookback periods with optional close-based analysis for cleaner signals. The system automatically labels swing points as Higher Highs (HH), Lower Highs (LH), Higher Lows (HL), and Lower Lows (LL) while providing advanced classifications including "rising_high", "falling_high", "rising_low", "falling_low", "peak_high", and "valley_low" for nuanced market analysis.
swingHighPrice = useClosesForStructure ? ta.pivothigh(close, swingLength, swingLength) : ta.pivothigh(high, swingLength, swingLength)
swingLowPrice = useClosesForStructure ? ta.pivotlow(close, swingLength, swingLength) : ta.pivotlow(low, swingLength, swingLength)
classification = classifyStructurePoint(structureHighPrice, upperStructure, true)
significance = calculateSignificance(structureHighPrice, upperStructure, true)
🔶 Significance Scoring System
Each structure point receives a significance level on a 1-5 scale based on its distance from previous points, helping prioritize the most important levels. This intelligent scoring system ensures traders focus on the most meaningful structure breaks while filtering out minor noise.
🔶 Comprehensive Trend Analysis
Calculates momentum, strength, direction, and confidence levels using volatility-normalized price changes and multi-timeframe correlation. The system provides real-time trend state tracking with bullish (+1), bearish (-1), or neutral (0) direction assessment and 0-100 confidence scoring.
// Calculate trend momentum using rate of change and volatility
calculateTrendMomentum(lookback) =>
priceChange = (close - close ) / close * 100
avgVolatility = ta.atr(lookback) / close * 100
momentum = priceChange / (avgVolatility + 0.0001)
momentum
// Calculate trend strength using multiple timeframe correlation
calculateTrendStrength(shortPeriod, longPeriod) =>
shortMA = ta.sma(close, shortPeriod)
longMA = ta.sma(close, longPeriod)
separation = math.abs(shortMA - longMA) / longMA * 100
strength = separation * slopeAlignment
❓How It Works
🔶 Imbalance Zone Detection
Identifies Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) between consecutive candles where price gaps create unfilled areas. These zones are displayed as semi-transparent boxes with optional center line mitigation tracking, highlighting potential support and resistance levels where institutional players often react.
// Detect Fair Value Gaps
detectPriceImbalance() =>
currentHigh = high
currentLow = low
refHigh = high
refLow = low
if currentOpen > currentClose
if currentHigh - refLow < 0
upperBound = currentClose - (currentClose - refLow)
lowerBound = currentClose - (currentClose - currentHigh)
centerPoint = (upperBound + lowerBound) / 2
newZone = ImbalanceZone.new(
zoneBox = box.new(bar_index, upperBound, rightEdge, lowerBound,
bgcolor=bullishImbalanceColor, border_color=hiddenColor)
)
🔶 Structure Break Analysis
Determines Break of Structure (BOS) for trend continuation and Directional Change (DC) for trend reversals with advanced classification as "continuation", "reversal", or "neutral". The system compares pre-trend and post-trend states for each break, providing comprehensive trend change momentum analysis.
🔶 Intelligent Zone Management
Features partial mitigation tracking when price enters but doesn't fully fill zones, with automatic zone boundary adjustment during partial fills. Smart array management keeps only recent structure points for optimal performance while preventing duplicate signals from the same level.
🔶 Liquidity Zone Detection
Automatically identifies potential liquidity zones at key structure points for institutional trading analysis. The system tracks broken structure points and provides adaptive zone extension with configurable time-based limits for imbalance areas.
🔶 Visual Structure Mapping
Provides clear visual indicators including swing labels with color-coded significance levels, dashed lines connecting break points with BOS/DC labels, and break signals for continuation and reversal patterns. The adaptive zones feature smart management with automatic mitigation tracking.
🔶 Market Structure Interpretation
HH/HL patterns indicate bullish market structure with trend continuation likelihood, while LH/LL patterns signal bearish structure with downtrend continuation expected. BOS signals represent structure breaks in trend direction for continuation opportunities, while DC signals warn of potential reversals.
🔶 Performance Optimization
Automatic cleanup of old structure points (keeps last 8 points), recent break tracking (keeps last 5 break events), and efficient array management ensure smooth performance across all timeframes and market conditions.
Why Choose Ultimate Market Structure ?
This indicator provides traders with institutional-grade market structure analysis, combining multiple analytical approaches into one comprehensive tool. By identifying key structure levels, imbalance zones, and break patterns with advanced significance scoring, it helps traders understand market dynamics and position themselves for high-probability trade setups in alignment with smart money concepts. The sophisticated trend scoring system and intelligent zone management make it an essential tool for any serious trader looking to decode market structure with precision and confidence.
Dix$on's Weighted Volume FlowDixson's Weighted Volume Flow
Dixson's Weighted Volume Flow is a technical indicator designed to analyze and visualize the distribution of buy and sell volume within a given timeframe. It dynamically calculates the proportional allocation of volume based on price action within each bar, providing insights into market sentiment and activity. This indicator displays horizontal volume bars in a separate pane and annotates them with precise volume values.
How It Works
1. Volume Allocation:
- The indicator calculates buy and sell volume using the following formulas:
- Buy Volume = (Close - Low) / (High - Low) Total Volume
- Sell Volume = (High - Close) / (High - Low) Total Volume
- These formulas allocate volume proportionally based on the bar's price range, attributing more volume to buying or selling depending on the relationship between the close, high, and low prices.
2. Dynamic Scaling:
- The buy and sell volumes are scaled relative to their combined total for the period.
- The resulting values determine the length of the horizontal bars, providing a comparative view of buy and sell activity.
3. Bar Visualization:
- Buy Volume Bars: Displayed as green horizontal bars.
- Sell Volume Bars: Displayed as red horizontal bars.
- The lengths of the bars represent the dominance of buy or sell volume, scaled dynamically within the pane.
4. Labels:
- Each bar is annotated with a label showing its calculated buy or sell volume value.
5. Timeframe Adjustment:
- The indicator uses the request.security() function to fetch data from the selected timeframe, allowing users to customize their analysis for intraday, daily, or longer-term trends.
6. Customization Options:
- Enable or disable the indicator using a toggle.
- Adjust colors for the buy/sell bars and text labels to suit your chart theme.
How to Use It
1. Enable the Indicator:
- Activate the indicator using the "Enable/Disable" toggle in the settings.
2. Select a Timeframe:
- Choose the timeframe for analysis (e.g., 1-minute, 1-hour, daily). The indicator fetches volume data specific to the selected timeframe.
3. Interpret the Visualization:
- Compare Bar Lengths:
- Longer buy volume bars (green) indicate stronger buying activity.
- Longer sell volume bars (red) suggest dominant selling pressure.
- Labels:
- Use the labels to view the exact buy and sell volume values for precise analysis.
4. Combine with Other Tools:
- Use the indicator alongside price action analysis, support/resistance levels, or trend indicators to confirm market sentiment and detect potential reversals.
5. Monitor Imbalances:
- Significant disparities between buy and sell volume can signal shifts in market sentiment, such as the end of a trend or the start of a breakout.
Practical Applications
- Trend Confirmation:
- Align the dominance of buy or sell volume with price trends to confirm market direction.
- Reversal Signals:
- Watch for volume imbalances or a sudden shift in the dominance of buy or sell volume to identify potential reversals.
- High-Activity Zones:
- Identify areas with increased volume to anticipate significant price movements or key support/resistance interactions.
Dixson's Weighted Volume Flow provides a clear and systematic way to analyze market activity by visualizing the dynamics of buy and sell volume. It is particularly useful for traders looking to enhance their understanding of volume-based sentiment and its impact on price movements.
PVSRA Candles Auto OverrideWhat does this “PVSRA Candles Auto Override” Indicator
do?
This indicator automates PVSRA analysis for crypto traders. It finds the corresponding Binance Perpetual Futures chart for the current instrument, then replaces the current chart's volume profile with the perpetual futures data (if available) to ensure the PVSRA calculation uses the most relevant volume. This not only reduces human error during market scans but also automatically selects the appropriate Binance Perpetual Futures contract, saving time and improving the accuracy of PVSRA calculations.
How can a trader use this indicator?
This helps the trader to identify if there is volume data available in an equivalent Binance Perpetual Futures chart and automatically displays it, making it easier to switch coins whilst viewing the market. Why do we want to use Binance Perpetual Futures Volume? In most markets Binance volume surpasses those of other crypto exchanges so this will give us a better view on the volume spikes in the market.
What is PVSRA and how can I trade using this indicator?
PVSRA candles are a type of candlestick chart formatting. PVSRA stands for Price, Volume, Support and Resistance Analysis.
Here's a breakdown of what PVSRA candles aim to achieve:
Combine multiple factors: They take into account price movement, trading volume, and support and resistance levels to identify potential trading opportunities.
Highlight potential imbalances: By color-coding candles based on PVSRA analysis, they aim to show areas of high volume activity, potentially representing imbalances created by market makers (large institutions that influence price).
Identify areas of revisit: The theory is that these high-volume zones may be revisited by the market in the future, as there's "unrecovered liquidity" in those areas.
Usage of the Indicator:
By default the indicator will automatically use the Equivalent Binance Perpetual Chart for the Data
You can override the symbol manually if you what to view another instrument’s data.
Cnagda Liquidit Trading SystemCnagda Liquidit Trading System helps spot where price is likely to trap traders and reverse, then gives simple, actionable Level to entry, place SL, and take profits with confidence. It blends imbalance zones, trend bias, order blocks, liquidity pools, high-probability fake Signal, and context-aware candle patterns into one clean workflow.
🟩🟥 Imbalance boxes: “Crowd rushed, gaps left”
What it is: Green/red boxes mark fast, one-sided moves where price “skipped” orders—think FVG-like zones that often get revisited.
Why it helps: Price frequently pulls back to “fill” these zones, creating clean retest entries with logical stops.
⏩How to use:
Green box = potential demand retest; Red box = potential supply retest. Enter on pullback into box, not on first impulse. Put stop on far side of box and aim first targets at recent swing points.
↕️ Swing bias (HH/HL vs LH/LL): “Which way is the road?”
What it is: Higher-highs/higher-lows = up-bias; Lower-highs/lower-lows = down-bias. system plots Buy/Sell OB levels aligned with that bias.
Why it helps: Trading with the broader flow reduces “hero trades” against institutions. Bias gives clearer entries and cleaner drawdowns.
⏩How to use:
Up-bias: look for long on Buy OB retests. Down-bias: look for short on Sell OB retests. Wait for a small rejection/engulfing to confirm before triggering.
🧱Order blocks: “Where big players remember”
What it is: last opposite-colored candle before an impulsive move—these zones often hold memory and reaction. system plots these as Buy/Sell OB lines.
Why it helps: Many breakouts pull back to the origin. Good entries often happen on retest, not on the breakout chase.
⏩ How to use:
Let price return into the OB, show wick rejection, and decent volume. Enter with stop beyond OB; define risk-reward before entry.
📊Volume coloring: “How Volume is move?”
What it is: Bar color reflects relative volume; inside bars are black. The dashboard also shows Volume and “Volume vs Prev.”
Why it helps: Patterns without volume often fade; volume validates strength and intent of moves.
⏩ How to use:
Favor entries where imbalance/OB/liquidity-grab coincide with higher volume. If volume is weak, reduce size or skip.
🧲 BSL/SSL liquidity pools: “Fishing for stops”
What it is: Equal highs cluster stops above (BSL); equal lows cluster stops below (SSL). system plots these and highlights the nearest one (“magnet”).
Why it helps: Price often sweeps these pools to trigger stops before reversing. This is a prime trap-reversal location.
⏩ How to use:
Watch nearest BSL/SSL. If price wicks through and closes back inside, anticipate a reversal. Trade reaction, not first poke. When price closes beyond, consider that pool mitigated and move on.
🟢🔴 Advanced liquidity grab: “Catch fakeout”
What it is: Bullish grab = makes a new low beyond a prior low but closes back above it, with a long lower wick, small body, and higher volume. Bearish is mirror. Labeled automatically.
Why it helps: It exposes trap moves (stop hunts) and often precedes true direction.
⏩ How to use:
Best when it aligns with a nearby imbalance/OB and supportive volume. Enter on reversal candle break or on retest. Stop goes beyond sweep wick.
🧠 Smart candlestick patterns (only in right place)
What it is: Engulfing, Hammer, Shooting Star, Hanging Man, Doji (with high volume), Morning/Evening Star, Piercing—but marked “effective” only if context (swing/trend/location) agrees.
Why it helps: same pattern in the wrong place is noise; in the right place, it’s signal.
⏩ How to use:
Location first (BSL/SSL/OB/imbalance), then pattern. Treat pattern as trigger/confirmation—one fresh label shows to keep chart clean.
🧭 Dashboard: “Context in a glance”
⏩ Reversal Level: current swing anchor—expect turns or reactions nearby; great for alerts and planning.
⏩ Volume vs Prev + Volume: Strength meter for signal candle—higher adds conviction.
⏩ Nearest Pool: next “magnet” area—look for sweeps/rejections there.
🧩Step-by-step trading flow (with mindset)
⏩ Set bias: HH/HL = long bias, LH/LL = short bias. Counter-trend only on clean sweeps with strong confirmation.
⏩ Find magnet: Check Nearest Pool (BSL/SSL). Focus attention there; it saves screen time.
⏩ Wait for event: Look for a sweep/grab label, or sharp rejection at pool/OB/imbalance. Avoid FOMO.
⏩ Add confluence: Stack 2–3 of these—imbalance box, OB, contextual pattern, supportive volume.
⏩Plan entry: Bullish: trigger above reversal candle high or take retest of FVG/OB. Stop below sweep wick/zone. Target at least 1:1.5–1:2.
Bearish: mirror above.
⏩Manage smartly: Take partials, move to breakeven or trail thoughtfully. Don’t drag stops inside zone out of emotion.
🎛️ Parameter tuning (to reduce human error)
⏩ swingLen: Smaller = faster but noisier; larger = cleaner but slower. Backtest first, then go live.
⏩ Tolerance (ATR or percent): ATR tolerance adapts to volatility (good for fast markets and lower TFs). Start around 0.15–0.30. In calm markets, try percent 0.05–0.15%.
⏩ minBarsGap: Start with 3–5 so equal highs/lows are truly equal—reduces false pools.
❌Common mistakes → ✅ Better habits
⏩Chasing every breakout → Wait for sweep/rejection, then confirm.
⏩Ignoring volume → Validate strength; cut size or skip on weak volume.
⏩Losing history of pools → If reviewing/backtesting, keep mitigated pools visible (dashed/faded).
⏩Over-tight tolerance/too small swingLen → Increases false signals; backtest to find balance.
📝 checklist (before entry)
⏩ Is there a nearby BSL/SSL and did a sweep/grab happen there?
⏩ Is there a close imbalance/OB that price can retest?
⏩ Do we have an effective pattern plus supportive volume?
⏩Is the stop beyond the wick/zone and RR ≥ 1:1.5?
•?((¯°·._.• 🎀 𝐻𝒶𝓅𝓅𝓎 𝒯𝓇𝒶𝒹𝒾𝓃𝑔 🎀 •._.·°¯((?•
Time-Based Fair Value Gaps (FVG) with Inversions (iFVG)Overview
The Time-Based Fair Value Gaps (FVG) with Inversions (iFVG) (ICT/SMT) indicator is a specialized tool designed for traders using Inner Circle Trader (ICT) methodologies. Inspired by LuxAlgo's Fair Value Gap indicator, this script introduces significant enhancements by integrating ICT principles, focusing on precise time-based FVG detection, inversion tracking, and retest signals tailored for institutional trading strategies. Unlike LuxAlgo’s general FVG approach, this indicator filters FVGs within customizable 10-minute windows aligned with ICT’s macro timeframes and incorporates ICT-specific concepts like mitigation, liquidity grabs, and session-based gap prioritization.
This tool is optimized for 1–5 minute charts, though probably best for 1 minute charts, identifying bullish and bearish FVGs, tracking their mitigation into inverted FVGs (iFVGs) as key support/resistance zones, and generating retest signals with customizable “Close” or “Wick” confirmation. Features like ATR-based filtering, optional FVG labels, mitigation removal, and session-specific FVG detection (e.g., first FVG in AM/PM sessions) make it a powerful tool for ICT traders.
Originality and Improvements
While inspired by LuxAlgo’s FVG indicator (credit to LuxAlgo for their foundational work), this script significantly extends the original concept by:
1. Time-Based FVG Detection: Unlike LuxAlgo’s continuous FVG identification, this script filters FVGs within user-defined 10-minute windows each hour (:00–:10, :10–:20, etc.), aligning with ICT’s emphasis on specific periods of institutional activity, such as hourly opens/closes or kill zones (e.g., New York 7:00–11:00 AM EST). This ensures FVGs are relevant to high-probability ICT setups.
2. Session-Specific First FVG Option: A unique feature allows traders to display only the first FVG in ICT-defined AM (9:30–10:00 AM EST) or PM (1:30–2:00 PM EST) sessions, reflecting ICT’s focus on initial market imbalances during key liquidity events.
3. ICT-Driven Mitigation and Inversion Logic: The script tracks FVG mitigation (when price closes through a gap) and converts mitigated FVGs into iFVGs, which serve as ICT-style support/resistance zones. This aligns with ICT’s view that mitigated gaps become critical reversal points, unlike LuxAlgo’s simpler gap display.
4. Customizable Retest Signals: Retest signals for iFVGs are configurable for “Close” (conservative, requiring candle body confirmation) or “Wick” (faster, using highs/lows), catering to ICT traders’ need for precise entry timing during liquidity grabs or Judas swings.
5. ATR Filtering and Mitigation Removal: An optional ATR filter ensures only significant FVGs are displayed, reducing noise, while mitigation removal declutters the chart by removing filled gaps, aligning with ICT’s principle that mitigated gaps lose relevance unless inverted.
6. Timezone and Timeframe Safeguards: A timezone offset setting aligns FVG detection with EST for ICT’s New York-centric strategies, and a timeframe warning alerts users to avoid ≥1-hour charts, ensuring accuracy in time-based filtering.
These enhancements make the script a distinct tool that builds on LuxAlgo’s foundation while offering ICT traders a tailored, high-precision solution.
How It Works
FVG Detection
FVGs are identified when a candle’s low is higher than the high of two candles prior (bullish FVG) or a candle’s high is lower than the low of two candles prior (bearish FVG). Detection is restricted to:
• User-selected 10-minute windows (e.g., :00–:10, :50–:60) to capture ICT-relevant periods like hourly transitions.
• AM/PM session first FVGs (if enabled), focusing on 9:30–10:00 AM or 1:30–2:00 PM EST for key market opens.
An optional ATR filter (default: 0.25× ATR) ensures only gaps larger than the threshold are displayed, prioritizing significant imbalances.
Mitigation and Inversion
When price closes through an FVG (e.g., below a bullish FVG’s bottom), the FVG is mitigated and becomes an iFVG, plotted as a support/resistance zone. iFVGs are critical in ICT for identifying reversal points where institutional orders accumulate.
Retest Signals
The script generates signals when price retests an iFVG:
• Close: Triggers when the candle body confirms the retest (conservative, lower noise).
• Wick: Triggers when the candle’s high/low touches the iFVG (faster, higher sensitivity). Signals are visualized with triangular markers (▲ for bullish, ▼ for bearish) and can trigger alerts.
Visualization
• FVGs: Displayed as colored boxes (green for bullish, red for bearish) with optional “Bull FVG”/“Bear FVG” labels.
• iFVGs: Shown as extended boxes with dashed midlines, limited to the user-defined number of recent zones (default: 5).
• Mitigation Removal: Mitigated FVGs/iFVGs are removed (if enabled) to keep the chart clean.
How to Use
Recommended Settings
• Timeframe: Use 1–5 minute charts for precision, avoiding ≥1-hour timeframes (a warning label appears if misconfigured).
• Time Windows: Enable :00–:10 and :50–:60 for hourly open/close FVGs, or use the “Show only 1st presented FVG” option for AM/PM session focus.
• ATR Filter: Keep enabled (multiplier 0.25–0.5) for significant gaps; disable on 1-minute charts for more FVGs during volatility.
• Signal Preference: Use “Close” for conservative entries, “Wick” for aggressive setups.
• Timezone Offset: Set to -5 for EST (or -4 for EDT) to align with ICT’s New York session.
Trading Strategy
1. Macro Timeframes: Focus on New York (7:00–11:00 AM EST) or London (2:00–5:00 AM EST) kill zones for high institutional activity.
2. FVG Entries: Trade bullish FVGs as support in uptrends or bearish FVGs as resistance in downtrends, especially in :00–:10 or :50–:60 windows.
3. iFVG Retests: Enter on retest signals (▲/▼) during liquidity grabs or Judas swings, using “Close” for confirmation or “Wick” for speed.
4. Session FVGs: Use the “Show only 1st presented FVG” option to target the first gap in AM/PM sessions, often tied to ICT’s market maker algorithms.
5. Risk Management: Combine with ICT concepts like order blocks or breaker blocks for confluence, and set stops beyond FVG/iFVG boundaries.
Alerts
Set alerts for:
• “Bullish FVG Detected”/“Bearish FVG Detected”: New FVGs in selected windows.
• “Bullish Signal”/“Bearish Signal”: iFVG retest confirmations.
Settings Description
• Show Last (1–100, default: 5): Number of recent iFVGs to display. Lower values reduce clutter.
• Show only 1st presented FVG : Limits FVGs to the first in 9:30–10:00 AM or 1:30–2:00 PM EST sessions (overrides time window checkboxes).
• Time Window Checkboxes: Enable/disable FVG detection in 10-minute windows (:00–:10, :10–:20, etc.). All enabled by default.
• Signal Preference: “Close” (default) or “Wick” for iFVG retest signals.
• Use ATR Filter: Enables ATR-based size filtering (default: true).
• ATR Multiplier (0–∞, default: 0.25): Sets FVG size threshold (higher values = larger gaps).
• Remove Mitigated FVGs: Removes filled FVGs/iFVGs (default: true).
• Show FVG Labels: Displays “Bull FVG”/“Bear FVG” labels (default: true).
• Timezone Offset (-12 to 12, default: -5): Aligns time windows with EST.
• Colors: Customize bullish (green), bearish (red), and midline (gray) colors.
Why Use This Indicator?
This indicator empowers ICT traders with a tool that goes beyond generic FVG detection, offering precise, time-filtered gaps and inversion tracking aligned with institutional trading principles. By focusing on ICT’s macro timeframes, session-specific imbalances, and customizable signal logic, it provides a clear edge for scalping, swing trading, or reversal setups in high-liquidity markets.
PRINT_LOGICLibrary "PRINT_LOGIC"
method fill_imba_line(imba_line, foot_bar, sup)
fill imbalance line
Namespace types: footprint_type.Imbalance_line
Parameters:
imba_line (Imbalance_line type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Imbalance_line type
foot_bar (Footprint_bar type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Footprint_bar type
sup (Support_objects type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Support_objects type
Returns: Void
method fill_footprint_type(foot_bar, sup)
Namespace types: footprint_type.Footprint_bar
Parameters:
foot_bar (Footprint_bar type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Footprint_bar type
sup (Support_objects type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Support_objects type
Returns: Void
method fill_footprint_object(foot_bar, sup)
fill all footprint objects
Namespace types: footprint_type.Footprint_bar
Parameters:
foot_bar (Footprint_bar type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Footprint_bar type
sup (Support_objects type from Alesetup/PRINT_TYPE/1) : instance of Support_objects type
Returns: Void
FVG Premium [no1x]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator provides a comprehensive toolkit for identifying, visualizing, and tracking Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) across three distinct timeframes (current chart, a user-defined Medium Timeframe - MTF, and a user-defined High Timeframe - HTF). It is designed to offer traders enhanced insight into FVG dynamics through detailed state monitoring (formation, partial fill, full mitigation, midline touch), extensive visual customization for FVG representation, and a rich alert system for timely notifications on FVG-related events.
█ CONCEPTS
This indicator is built upon the core concept of Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) and their significance in price action analysis, offering a multi-layered approach to their detection and interpretation across different timeframes.
Fair Value Gaps (FVGs)
A Fair Value Gap (FVG), also known as an imbalance, represents a range in price delivery where one side of the market (buying or selling) was more aggressive, leaving an inefficiency or an "imbalance" in the price action. This concept is prominently featured within Smart Money Concepts (SMC) and Inner Circle Trader (ICT) methodologies, where such gaps are often interpreted as footprints left by "smart money" due to rapid, forceful price movements. These methodologies suggest that price may later revisit these FVG zones to rebalance a prior inefficiency or to seek liquidity before continuing its path. These gaps are typically identified by a three-bar pattern:
Bullish FVG : This is a three-candle formation where the second candle shows a strong upward move. The FVG is the space created between the high of the first candle (bottom of FVG) and the low of the third candle (top of FVG). This indicates a strong upward impulsive move.
Bearish FVG : This is a three-candle formation where the second candle shows a strong downward move. The FVG is the space created between the low of the first candle (top of FVG) and the high of the third candle (bottom of FVG). This indicates a strong downward impulsive move.
FVGs are often watched by traders as potential areas where price might return to "rebalance" or find support/resistance.
Multi-Timeframe (MTF) Analysis
The indicator extends FVG detection beyond the current chart's timeframe (Low Timeframe - LTF) to two higher user-defined timeframes: Medium Timeframe (MTF) and High Timeframe (HTF). This allows traders to:
Identify FVGs that might be significant on a broader market structure.
Observe how FVGs from different timeframes align or interact.
Gain a more comprehensive perspective on potential support and resistance zones.
FVG State and Lifecycle Management
The indicator actively tracks the lifecycle of each detected FVG:
Formation : The initial identification of an FVG.
Partial Fill (Entry) : When price enters but does not completely pass through the FVG. The indicator updates the "current" top/bottom of the FVG to reflect the filled portion.
Midline (Equilibrium) Touch : When price touches the 50% level of the FVG.
Full Mitigation : When price completely trades through the FVG, effectively "filling" or "rebalancing" the gap. The indicator records the mitigation time.
This state tracking is crucial for understanding how price interacts with these zones.
FVG Classification (Large FVG)
FVGs can be optionally classified as "Large FVGs" (LV) if their size (top to bottom range) exceeds a user-defined multiple of the Average True Range (ATR) for that FVG's timeframe. This helps distinguish FVGs that are significantly larger relative to recent volatility.
Visual Customization and Information Delivery
A key concept is providing extensive control over how FVGs are displayed. This control is achieved through a centralized set of visual parameters within the indicator, allowing users to configure numerous aspects (colors, line styles, visibility of boxes, midlines, mitigation lines, labels, etc.) for each timeframe. Additionally, an on-chart information panel summarizes the nearest unmitigated bullish and bearish FVG levels for each active timeframe, providing a quick glance at key price points.
█ FEATURES
This indicator offers a rich set of features designed to provide a highly customizable and comprehensive Fair Value Gap (FVG) analysis experience. Users can tailor the FVG detection, visual representation, and alerting mechanisms across three distinct timeframes: the current chart (Low Timeframe - LTF), a user-defined Medium Timeframe (MTF), and a user-defined High Timeframe (HTF).
Multi-Timeframe FVG Detection and Display
The core strength of this indicator lies in its ability to identify and display FVGs from not only the current chart's timeframe (LTF) but also from two higher, user-selectable timeframes (MTF and HTF).
Timeframe Selection: Users can specify the exact MTF (e.g., "60", "240") and HTF (e.g., "D", "W") through dedicated inputs in the "MTF (Medium Timeframe)" and "HTF (High Timeframe)" settings groups. The visibility of FVGs from these higher timeframes can be toggled independently using the "Show MTF FVGs" and "Show HTF FVGs" checkboxes.
Consistent Detection Logic: The FVG detection logic, based on the classic three-bar imbalance pattern detailed in the 'Concepts' section, is applied consistently across all selected timeframes (LTF, MTF, HTF)
Timeframe-Specific Visuals: Each timeframe's FVGs (LTF, MTF, HTF) can be customized with unique colors for bullish/bearish states and their mitigated counterparts. This allows for easy visual differentiation of FVGs originating from different market perspectives.
Comprehensive FVG Visualization Options
The indicator provides extensive control over how FVGs are visually represented on the chart for each timeframe (LTF, MTF, HTF).
FVG Boxes:
Visibility: Main FVG boxes can be shown or hidden per timeframe using the "Show FVG Boxes" (for LTF), "Show Boxes" (for MTF/HTF) inputs.
Color Customization: Colors for bullish, bearish, active, and mitigated FVG boxes (including Large FVGs, if classified) are fully customizable for each timeframe.
Box Extension & Length: FVG boxes can either be extended to the right indefinitely ("Extend Boxes Right") or set to a fixed length in bars ("Short Box Length" or "Box Length" equivalent inputs).
Box Labels: Optional labels can display the FVG's timeframe and fill percentage on the box. These labels are configurable for all timeframes (LTF, MTF, and HTF). Please note: If FVGs are positioned very close to each other on the chart, their respective labels may overlap. This can potentially lead to visual clutter, and it is a known behavior in the current version of the indicator.
Box Borders: Visibility, width, style (solid, dashed, dotted), and color of FVG box borders are customizable per timeframe.
Midlines (Equilibrium/EQ):
Visibility: The 50% level (midline or EQ) of FVGs can be shown or hidden for each timeframe.
Style Customization: Width, style, and color of the midline are customizable per timeframe. The indicator tracks if this midline has been touched by price.
Mitigation Lines:
Visibility: Mitigation lines (representing the FVG's opening level that needs to be breached for full mitigation) can be shown or hidden for each timeframe. If shown, these lines are always extended to the right.
Style Customization: Width, style, and color of the mitigation line are customizable per timeframe.
Mitigation Line Labels: Optional price labels can be displayed on mitigation lines, with a customizable horizontal bar offset for positioning. For optimal label placement, the following horizontal bar offsets are recommended: 4 for LTF, 8 for MTF, and 12 for HTF.
Persistence After Mitigation: Users can choose to keep mitigation lines visible even after an FVG is fully mitigated, with a distinct color for such lines. Importantly, this option is only effective if the general setting 'Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs' is disabled, as otherwise, the entire FVG and its lines will be removed upon mitigation.
FVG State Management and Behavior
The indicator tracks and visually responds to changes in FVG states.
Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs: This option, typically found in the indicator's general settings, allows users to automatically remove all visual elements of an FVG from the chart once price has fully mitigated it. This helps maintain chart clarity by focusing on active FVGs.
Partial Fill Visualization: When price enters an FVG, the indicator offers a dynamic visual representation: the portion of the FVG that has been filled is shown as a "mitigated box" (typically with a distinct color), while the original FVG box shrinks to clearly highlight the remaining, unfilled portion. This two-part display provides an immediate visual cue about how much of the FVG's imbalance has been addressed and what potential remains within the gap.
Visual Filtering by ATR Proximity: To help users focus on the most relevant price action, FVGs can be dynamically hidden if they are located further from the current price than a user-defined multiple of the Average True Range (ATR). This behavior is controlled by the "Filter Band Width (ATR Multiple)" input; setting this to zero disables the filter entirely, ensuring all detected FVGs remain visible regardless of their proximity to price.
Alternative Usage Example: Mitigation Lines as Key Support/Resistance Levels
For traders preferring a minimalist chart focused on key Fair Value Gap (FVG) levels, the indicator's visualization settings can be customized to display only FVG mitigation lines. This approach leverages these lines as potential support and resistance zones, reflecting areas where price might revisit to address imbalances.
To configure this view:
Disable FVG Boxes: Turn off "Show FVG Boxes" (for LTF) or "Show Boxes" (for MTF/HTF) for the desired timeframes.
Hide Midlines: Disable the visibility of the 50% FVG Midlines (Equilibrium/EQ).
Ensure Mitigation Lines are Visible: Keep "Mitigation Lines" enabled.
Retain All Mitigation Lines:
Disable the "Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs" option in the general settings.
Enable the feature to "keep mitigation lines visible even after an FVG is fully mitigated". This ensures lines from all FVGs (active or fully mitigated) remain on the chart, which is only effective if "Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs" is disabled.
This setup offers:
A Decluttered Chart: Focuses solely on the FVG opening levels.
Precise S/R Zones: Treats mitigation lines as specific points for potential price reactions.
Historical Level Analysis: Includes lines from past, fully mitigated FVGs for a comprehensive view of significant price levels.
For enhanced usability with this focused view, consider these optional additions:
The on-chart Information Panel can be activated to display a quick summary of the nearest unmitigated FVG levels.
Mitigation Line Labels can also be activated for clear price level identification. A customizable horizontal bar offset is available for positioning these labels; for example, offsets of 4 for LTF, 8 for MTF, and 12 for HTF can be effective.
FVG Classification (Large FVG)
This feature allows for distinguishing FVGs based on their size relative to market volatility.
Enable Classification: Users can enable "Classify FVG (Large FVG)" to identify FVGs that are significantly larger than average.
ATR-Based Threshold: An FVG is classified as "Large" if its height (price range) is greater than or equal to the Average True Range (ATR) of its timeframe multiplied by a user-defined "Large FVG Threshold (ATR Multiple)". The ATR period for this calculation is also configurable.
Dedicated Colors: Large FVGs (both bullish/bearish and active/mitigated) can be assigned unique colors, making them easily distinguishable on the chart.
Panel Icon: Large FVGs are marked with a special icon in the Info Panel.
Information Panel
An on-chart panel provides a quick summary of the nearest unmitigated FVG levels.
Visibility and Position: The panel can be shown/hidden and positioned in any of the nine standard locations on the chart (e.g., Top Right, Middle Center).
Content: It displays the price levels of the nearest unmitigated bullish and bearish FVGs for LTF, MTF (if active), and HTF (if active). It also indicates if these nearest FVGs are Large FVGs (if classification is enabled) using a selectable icon.
Styling: Text size, border color, header background/text colors, default text color, and "N/A" cell background color are customizable.
Highlighting: Background and text colors for the cells displaying the overall nearest bullish and bearish FVG levels (across all active timeframes) can be customized to draw attention to the most proximate FVG.
Comprehensive Alert System
The indicator offers a granular alert system for various FVG-related events, configurable for each timeframe (LTF, MTF, HTF) independently. Users can enable alerts for:
New FVG Formation: Separate alerts for new bullish and new bearish FVG formations.
FVG Entry/Partial Fill: Separate alerts for price entering a bullish FVG or a bearish FVG.
FVG Full Mitigation: Separate alerts for full mitigation of bullish and bearish FVGs.
FVG Midline (EQ) Touch: Separate alerts for price touching the midline of a bullish or bearish FVG.
Alert messages are detailed, providing information such as the timeframe, FVG type (bull/bear, Large FVG), relevant price levels, and timestamps.
█ NOTES
This section provides additional information regarding the indicator's usage, performance considerations, and potential interactions with the TradingView platform. Understanding these points can help users optimize their experience and troubleshoot effectively.
Performance and Resource Management
Maximum FVGs to Track : The "Max FVGs to Track" input (defaulting to 25) limits the number of FVG objects processed for each category (e.g., LTF Bullish, MTF Bearish). Increasing this value significantly can impact performance due to more objects being iterated over and potentially drawn, especially when multiple timeframes are active.
Drawing Object Limits : To manage performance, this script sets its own internal limits on the number of drawing objects it displays. While it allows for up to approximately 500 lines (max_lines_count=500) and 500 labels (max_labels_count=500), the number of FVG boxes is deliberately restricted to a maximum of 150 (max_boxes_count=150). This specific limit for boxes is a key performance consideration: displaying too many boxes can significantly slow down the indicator, and a very high number is often not essential for analysis. Enabling all visual elements for many FVGs across all three timeframes can cause the indicator to reach these internal limits, especially the stricter box limit
Optimization Strategies : To help you manage performance, reduce visual clutter, and avoid exceeding drawing limits when using this indicator, I recommend the following strategies:
Maintain or Lower FVG Tracking Count: The "Max FVGs to Track" input defaults to 25. I find this value generally sufficient for effective analysis and balanced performance. You can keep this default or consider reducing it further if you experience performance issues or prefer a less dense FVG display.
Utilize Proximity Filtering: I suggest activating the "Filter Band Width (ATR Multiple)" option (found under "General Settings") to display only those FVGs closer to the current price. From my experience, a value of 5 for the ATR multiple often provides a good starting point for balanced performance, but you should feel free to adjust this based on market volatility and your specific trading needs.
Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs: I strongly recommend enabling the "Hide Fully Mitigated FVGs" option. This setting automatically removes all visual elements of an FVG from the chart once it has been fully mitigated by price. Doing so significantly reduces the number of active drawing objects, lessens computational load, and helps maintain chart clarity by focusing only on active, relevant FVGs.
Disable FVG Display for Unused Timeframes: If you are not actively monitoring certain higher timeframes (MTF or HTF) for FVG analysis, I advise disabling their display by unchecking "Show MTF FVGs" or "Show HTF FVGs" respectively. This can provide a significant performance boost.
Simplify Visual Elements: For active FVGs, consider hiding less critical visual elements if they are not essential for your specific analysis. This could include box labels, borders, or even entire FVG boxes if, for example, only the mitigation lines are of interest for a particular timeframe.
Settings Changes and Platform Limits : This indicator is comprehensive and involves numerous calculations and drawings. When multiple settings are changed rapidly in quick succession, it is possible, on occasion, for TradingView to issue a "Runtime error: modify_study_limit_exceeding" or similar. This can cause the indicator to temporarily stop updating or display errors.
Recommended Approach : When adjusting settings, it is advisable to wait a brief moment (a few seconds) after each significant change. This allows the indicator to reprocess and update on the chart before another change is made
Error Recovery : Should such a runtime error occur, making a minor, different adjustment in the settings (e.g., toggling a checkbox off and then on again) and waiting briefly will typically allow the indicator to recover and resume correct operation. This behavior is related to platform limitations when handling complex scripts with many inputs and drawing objects.
Multi-Timeframe (MTF/HTF) Data and Behavior
HTF FVG Confirmation is Essential: : For an FVG from a higher timeframe (MTF or HTF) to be identified and displayed on your current chart (LTF), the three-bar pattern forming the FVG on that higher timeframe must consist of fully closed bars. The indicator does not draw speculative FVGs based on incomplete/forming bars from higher timeframes.
Data Retrieval and LTF Processing: The indicator may use techniques like lookahead = barmerge.lookahead_on for timely data retrieval from higher timeframes. However, the actual detection of an FVG occurs after all its constituent bars on the HTF have closed.
Appearance Timing on LTF (1 LTF Candle Delay): As a natural consequence of this, an FVG that is confirmed on an HTF (i.e., its third bar closes) will typically become visible on your LTF chart one LTF bar after its confirmation on the HTF.
Example: Assume an FVG forms on a 30-minute chart at 15:30 (i.e., with the close of the 30-minute bar that covers the 15:00-15:30 period). If you are monitoring this FVG on a 15-minute chart, the indicator will detect this newly formed 30-minute FVG while processing the data for the 15-minute bar that starts at 15:30 and closes at 15:45. Therefore, the 30-minute FVG will become visible on your 15-minute chart at the earliest by 15:45 (i.e., with the close of that relevant 15-minute LTF candle). This means the HTF FVG is reflected on the LTF chart with a delay equivalent to one LTF candle.
FVG Detection and Display Logic
Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) on the current chart timeframe (LTF) are detected based on barstate.isconfirmed. This means the three-bar pattern must be complete with closed bars before an FVG is identified. This confirmation method prevents FVGs from being prematurely identified on the forming bar.
Alerts
Alert Setup : To receive alerts from this indicator, you must first ensure you have enabled the specific alert conditions you are interested in within the indicator's own settings (see 'Comprehensive Alert System' under the 'FEATURES' section). Once configured, open TradingView's 'Create Alert' dialog. In the 'Condition' tab, select this indicator's name, and crucially, choose the 'Any alert() function call' option from the dropdown list. This setup allows the indicator to trigger alerts based on the precise event conditions you have activated in its settings
Alert Frequency : Alerts are designed to trigger once per bar close (alert.freq_once_per_bar_close) for the specific event.
User Interface (UI) Tips
Settings Group Icons: In the indicator settings menu, timeframe-specific groups are marked with star icons for easier navigation: 🌟 for LTF (Current Chart Timeframe), 🌟🌟 for MTF (Medium Timeframe), and 🌟🌟🌟 for HTF (High Timeframe).
Dependent Inputs: Some input settings are dependent on others being enabled. These dependencies are visually indicated in the settings menu using symbols like "↳" (dependent setting on the next line), "⟷" (mutually exclusive inline options), or "➜" (directly dependent inline option).
Settings Layout Overview: The indicator settings are organized into logical groups for ease of use. Key global display controls – such as toggles for MTF FVGs, HTF FVGs (along with their respective timeframe selectors), and the Information Panel – are conveniently located at the very top within the '⚙️ General Settings' group. This placement allows for quick access to frequently adjusted settings. Other sections provide detailed customization options for each timeframe (LTF, MTF, HTF), specific FVG components, and alert configurations.
█ FOR Pine Script® CODERS
This section provides a high-level overview of the FVG Premium indicator's internal architecture, data flow, and the interaction between its various library components. It is intended for Pine Script™ programmers who wish to understand the indicator's design, potentially extend its functionality, or learn from its structure.
System Architecture and Modular Design
The indicator is architected moduarly, leveraging several custom libraries to separate concerns and enhance code organization and reusability. Each library has a distinct responsibility:
FvgTypes: Serves as the foundational data definition layer. It defines core User-Defined Types (UDTs) like fvgObject (for storing all attributes of an FVG) and drawSettings (for visual configurations), along with enumerations like tfType.
CommonUtils: Provides utility functions for common tasks like mapping user string inputs (e.g., "Dashed" for line style) to their corresponding Pine Script™ constants (e.g., line.style_dashed) and formatting timeframe strings for display.
FvgCalculations: Contains the core logic for FVG detection (both LTF and MTF/HTF via requestMultiTFBarData), FVG classification (Large FVGs based on ATR), and checking FVG interactions with price (mitigation, partial fill).
FvgObject: Implements an object-oriented approach by attaching methods to the fvgObject UDT. These methods manage the entire visual lifecycle of an FVG on the chart, including drawing, updating based on state changes (e.g., mitigation), and deleting drawing objects. It's responsible for applying the visual configurations defined in drawSettings.
FvgPanel: Manages the creation and dynamic updates of the on-chart information panel, which displays key FVG levels.
The main indicator script acts as the orchestrator, initializing these libraries, managing user inputs, processing data flow between libraries, and handling the main event loop (bar updates) for FVG state management and alerts.
Core Data Flow and FVG Lifecycle Management
The general data flow and FVG lifecycle can be summarized as follows:
Input Processing: User inputs from the "Settings" dialog are read by the main indicator script. Visual style inputs (colors, line styles, etc.) are consolidated into a types.drawSettings object (defined in FvgTypes). Other inputs (timeframes, filter settings, alert toggles) control the behavior of different modules. CommonUtils assists in mapping some string inputs to Pine constants.
FVG Detection:
For the current chart timeframe (LTF), FvgCalculations.detectFvg() identifies potential FVGs based on bar patterns.
For MTF/HTF, the main indicator script calls FvgCalculations.requestMultiTFBarData() to fetch necessary bar data from higher timeframes, then FvgCalculations.detectMultiTFFvg() identifies FVGs.
Newly detected FVGs are instantiated as types.fvgObject and stored in arrays within the main script. These objects also undergo classification (e.g., Large FVG) by FvgCalculations.
State Update & Interaction: On each bar, the main indicator script iterates through active FVG objects to manage their state based on price interaction:
Initially, the main script calls FvgCalculations.fvgInteractionCheck() to efficiently determine if the current bar's price might be interacting with a given FVG.
If a potential interaction is flagged, the main script then invokes methods directly on the fvgObject instance (e.g., updateMitigation(), updatePartialFill(), checkMidlineTouch(), which are part of FvgObject).
These fvgObject methods are responsible for the detailed condition checking and the actual modification of the FVG's state. For instance, the updateMitigation() and updatePartialFill() methods internally utilize specific helper functions from FvgCalculations (like checkMitigation() and checkPartialMitigation()) to confirm the precise nature of the interaction before updating the fvgObject’s state fields (such as isMitigated, currentTop, currentBottom, or isMidlineTouched).
Visual Rendering:
The FvgObject.updateDrawings() method is called for each fvgObject. This method is central to drawing management; it creates, updates, or deletes chart drawings (boxes, lines, labels) based on the FVG's current state, its prev_* (previous bar state) fields for optimization, and the visual settings passed via the drawSettings object.
Information Panel Update: The main indicator script determines the nearest FVG levels, populates a panelData object (defined in FvgPanelLib), and calls FvgPanel.updatePanel() to refresh the on-chart display.
Alert Generation: Based on the updated FVG states and user-enabled alert settings, the main indicator script constructs and triggers alerts using Pine Script's alert() function."
Key Design Considerations
UDT-Centric Design: The fvgObject UDT is pivotal, acting as a stateful container for all information related to a single FVG. Most operations revolve around creating, updating, or querying these objects.
State Management: To optimize drawing updates and manage FVG lifecycles, fvgObject instances store their previous bar's state (e.g., prevIsVisible, prevCurrentTop). The FvgObject.updateDrawings() method uses this to determine if a redraw is necessary, minimizing redundant drawing calls.
Settings Object: A drawSettings object is populated once (or when inputs change) and passed to drawing functions. This avoids repeatedly reading numerous input() values on every bar or within loops, improving performance.
Dynamic Arrays for FVG Storage: Arrays are used to store collections of fvgObject instances, allowing for dynamic management (adding new FVGs, iterating for updates).
Fair Value Gap [by Oberlunar]Fair Value Gap
This indicator is designed to identify and display Fair Value Gaps (FVG) on the price chart. Fair Value Gaps are areas between candles where the price lacks continuity, leaving a "gap" that can serve as a reference point for price retracements. These zones are often considered important by traders as they represent market imbalances that tend to be "mitigated" (i.e., filled or tested) over time.
Purpose of Publication
This indicator addresses a common gap in FVG indicators. Most existing FVG indicators do not visually distinguish between mitigated (touched) FVGs and those that remain intact. With this indicator:
Mitigated FVGs are clearly displayed with distinct colors, allowing traders to identify which zones have been partially or fully filled by the price.
Unmitigated FVGs remain prominent, representing potential points of interest.
Key Features
Identification of Fair Value Gaps:
A Bullish FVG (upward gap) forms when the high of the three previous candles (candle -3) is lower than the low of the next candle (candle -1).
A Bearish FVG (downward gap) forms when the low of the three previous candles (candle -3) is higher than the high of the next candle (candle -1).
Dynamic Coloring:
Unmitigated FVGs are highlighted with specific colors: green for Bullish and red for Bearish gaps.
When an FVG is "touched" by the price (i.e., mitigated), the color changes:
Yellow-green for mitigated Bullish FVGs.
Purple for mitigated Bearish FVGs.
Handling Mitigated FVGs:
When an FVG is touched by the price, it is visually updated with a different color.
An option can be enabled to "shrink" the mitigated zone, adjusting the box to reflect the remaining untested portion of the gap.
Customization:
Configure the maximum number of FVGs to display on the chart.
Set specific colors for mitigated and unmitigated FVGs.
Choose whether to automatically shrink mitigated zones.
How to Identify Support and Resistance Levels
Support:
Bullish FVGs represent potential support levels, as they indicate areas where the price might return to seek liquidity or fill the imbalance.
An FVG that is repeatedly touched without being fully filled becomes a significant support zone.
Resistance:
Bearish FVGs represent potential resistance levels, indicating zones where the price might stall or reverse direction.
Why a Repeatedly Mitigated FVG is Significant
When an FVG is touched or mitigated multiple times, it means the market recognizes that area as significant. This can happen for several reasons:
Accumulation or Distribution: Institutional traders may use these zones to accumulate or distribute positions without causing excessive market movement.
Presence of Liquidity: FVGs often represent areas with pending orders (stop-losses, limit orders), and the price revisits these zones to seek liquidity.
Market Equilibrium: When an FVG is repeatedly filled, it indicates the market's attempt to balance a demand-supply imbalance. This makes the zone an important level to monitor for potential breakouts or reversals.
TPO Levels [VAH/POC/VAL] with Poor H/L, Single Prints & NPOCs### 🎯 Advanced Market Profile & Key Level Analysis
This script is a unique and comprehensive technical analysis tool designed to help traders understand market structure, value, and key liquidity levels using the principles of **Auction Market Theory** and **Market Profile**.
This script is unique (and shouldn't be censored) because :
It allows large history of levels to be displayed
Accurate as possible tick size
Doesn't draw a profile but only the actual levels
Supports multi-timeframe levels even on the daily mode giving macro context
There is no indicator out there that does it
While these concepts are universal, this indicator was built primarily for the dynamic, 24/7 nature of the **cryptocurrency market**. It helps you move beyond simple price action to understand *why* the market is moving, which is especially crucial in the volatile crypto space.
### ## 📊 The Concepts Behind the Calculations
To use this script effectively, it's important to understand the core concepts it is built upon. The entire script is self-contained and does not require other indicators.
* **What is Market Profile?**
Market Profile is a unique charting technique that organizes price and time data to reveal market structure. It's built from **Time Price Opportunities (TPOs)**, which are 30-minute periods of market activity. By stacking these TPOs, the script builds a distribution, showing which price levels were most accepted (heavily traded) and which were rejected (lightly traded) during a session.
* **What is the Value Area (VA)?**
The Value Area is the heart of the profile. It represents the price range where **70%** of the session's trading volume occurred. This is considered the "fair value" zone where both buyers and sellers were in general agreement.
* **Point of Control (POC):** The single price level with the most TPOs. This was the most accepted or "fairest" price of the session and acts as a gravitational line for price.
* **Value Area High (VAH):** The upper boundary of the 70% value zone.
* **Value Area Low (VAL):** The lower boundary of the 70% value zone.
VAH and VAL are dynamic support and resistance levels. Trading outside the previous session's value area can signal the start of a new trend.
***
### ## 📈 Key Features Explained
This script automatically calculates and displays the following critical market-generated information:
* **Multi-Timeframe Market Profile**
Automatically draws Daily, Weekly, and Monthly profiles, allowing you to analyze market structure across different time horizons. The script preserves up to 20 historical sessions to provide deep market context.
* **Naked Point of Control (nPOC)**
A "Naked" POC is a Point of Control from a previous session that has **not** been revisited by price. These levels often act as powerful magnets for price, representing areas of unfinished business that the market may seek to retest. The script tracks and displays Daily, Weekly, and Monthly nPOCs until they are touched.
* **Single Prints (Imbalance Zones)**
A Single Print is a price level where only one TPO traded during the session's development. This signifies a rapid, aggressive price move and an imbalanced market. These areas, like gaps in a traditional chart, are frequently revisited as the market seeks to "fill in" these thin parts of the profile.
* **Poor Structure (Unfinished Auctions)**
A **Poor High** or **Poor Low** occurs when the top or bottom of a profile is flat, with two or more TPOs at the extreme price. This suggests that the auction in that direction was weak and inconclusive. These weak structures often signal a high probability that price will eventually break that high or low.
***
### ## 💡 How to Use This Indicator
This tool is not a signal generator but an analytical framework to improve your trading decisions.
1. **Determine Market Context:** Start by asking: Is the current price trading *inside* or *outside* the previous session's Value Area?
* **Inside VA:** The market is in a state of balance or range-bound. Look for trades between the VAH and VAL.
* **Outside VA:** The market is in a state of imbalance and may be starting a trend. Look for continuation or acceptance of prices outside the prior value.
2. **Identify Key Levels:**
* Use historical **nPOCs** as potential profit targets or areas to watch for a price reaction.
* Treat historical **VAH** and **VAL** levels as significant support and resistance zones.
* Note where **Single Prints** are. These are often price magnets that may get "filled" in the future.
3. **Spot Weakness:**
* A **Poor High** suggests weak resistance that may be easily broken.
* A **Poor Low** suggests weak support, signaling a potential for a continued move lower if broken.
***
### ## ⚙️ Customization & Crypto Presets
The indicator is highly customizable, allowing you to change colors, transparency, the number of historical sessions, and more.
To help traders get started quickly, the indicator includes **built-in layout presets** specifically calibrated for major cryptocurrencies: ** BINANCE:BTCUSDT.P , BINANCE:ETHUSDT.P , and BINANCE:SOLUSDT.P **. These presets automatically adjust key visual parameters to better suit the unique price characteristics and volatility of each asset, providing an optimized view right out of the box.
***
### ## ⚠️ Disclaimer
This indicator is a tool for market analysis and should not be interpreted as direct buy or sell signals. It provides information based on historical price action, which does not guarantee future results. Trading involves significant risk, and you should always use proper risk management. This script is designed for use on standard chart types (e.g., Candlesticks, Bar) and may produce misleading information on non-standard charts.
Information Asymmetry Gradient (IAG) What is the Information Asymmetry Gradient (IAG)?
The Information Asymmetry Gradient (IAG) is a unique market regime and imbalance detector that quantifies the subtle, directional “information flow” in price and volume. Inspired by information theory and market microstructure, IAG is designed to help traders spot the early buildup of conviction or surprise—the kind of hidden imbalance that often precedes major price moves.
Unlike traditional volume or momentum indicators, IAG focuses on the efficiency and directionality of information transfer: how much “informational energy” is being revealed by up-moves versus down-moves, normalized by price movement. It’s not just about net flow, but about the quality and asymmetry of that flow.
Theoretical Foundation
Information Asymmetry: Markets move when new information is revealed. If one side (buyers or sellers) is consistently more “informationally efficient” per unit of price change, an imbalance is building—even if price hasn’t moved much yet.
Gradient: By tracking the rate of change (gradient) between fast and slow information flows, IAG highlights when a subtle imbalance is accelerating.
Volatility of Asymmetry: Sudden spikes in the volatility of information asymmetry often signal regime uncertainty or the approach of a “surprise” move.
How IAG Works
Directional Information Content: For each bar, IAG estimates the “information per unit of price change” for both up-moves and down-moves, using volume and price action.
Asymmetry Calculation: Computes the difference (or ratio) between up and down information content, revealing directional bias.
Gradient Detection: Calculates both a fast and slow EMA of the asymmetry, then measures their difference (the “gradient”), normalized as a Z-score.
Volatility of Asymmetry: Tracks the standard deviation of asymmetry over a rolling window, with Z-score normalization to spot “information shocks.”
Flow Strength: Quantifies the conviction of the current information flow on a 0–100 scale.
Regime Detection: Flags “extreme” asymmetry, “building” flow, and “high volatility” states.
Inputs:
🌌 Core Asymmetry Parameters
Fast Information Period (short_len, default 8): EMA period for detecting immediate information flow changes.
5–8: Scalping (1–5min)
8–12: Day trading (15min–1hr)
12–20: Swing trading (4hr+)
Slow Information Period (long_len, default 34): EMA period for baseline information context. Should be 3–5x fast period.
Default (34): Fibonacci number, stable for most assets.
Gradient Smoothing (gradient_smooth, default 3): Smooths the gradient calculation.
1–2: Raw, responsive
3–5: Balanced
6–10: Very smooth
📊 Asymmetry Method
Calculation Mode (calc_mode, default "Weighted"):
“Simple”: Basic volume split by direction
“Weighted”: Volume × price movement (default, most robust)
“Logarithmic”: Log-scaled for large moves
Use Ratio (show_ratio, default false):
“Difference”: UpInfo – DownInfo (additive)
“Ratio”: UpInfo / DownInfo (multiplicative, better for comparing volatility regimes)
🌊 Volatility Analysis
Volatility Window (stdev_len, default 21): Lookback for measuring asymmetry volatility.
Volatility Alert Level (vol_threshold, default 1.5): Z-score threshold for volatility alerts.
🎨 Visual Settings
Color Theme (color_theme, default "Starry Night"):
Van Gogh-inspired palettes:
“Starry Night”: Deep blues and yellows
“Sunflowers”: Warm yellows and browns
“Café Terrace”: Night blues and warm lights
“Wheat Field”: Golden and sky blue
Show Swirl Effects (show_swirls, default true): Adds swirling background to visualize information turbulence.
Show Signal Stars (show_stars, default true): Star markers at significant asymmetry points.
Show Info Dashboard (show_dashboard, default true): Top-right panel with current metrics and market state.
Show Flow Visualization (show_flow, default true): Main gradient line with artistic effects.
Color Schemes
Dynamic color gradients adapt to both the direction and intensity of the information gradient, using Van Gogh-inspired palettes for visual clarity and artistic flair.
Glow and aura effects: The main line is layered with glows for depth and to highlight strong signals.
Swirl background: Visualizes the “turbulence” of information flow, darker and more intense as flow strength and volatility rise.
Visual Logic
Main Gradient Line: Plots the normalized information gradient (Z-score), color-coded by direction and intensity.
Glow/Aura: Multiple layers for visual depth and to highlight strong signals.
Threshold Zones: Dotted lines and filled areas mark “Building” and “Extreme” asymmetry zones.
Volatility Ribbon: Area plot of volatility Z-score, highlighting information shocks.
Signal Stars: Circular markers at each “Extreme” event, color-coded for bullish/bearish; cross markers for volatility spikes.
Dashboard: Top-right panel shows current status (Extreme, Building, High Volatility, Balanced), gradient value, flow strength, information balance, and volatility status.
Trading Guide: Bottom-left panel explains all states and how to interpret them.
How to Use IAG
🌟 EXTREME: Major information imbalance—potential for explosive move or reversal.
🌙 BUILDING: Asymmetry is forming—watch for a breakout or trend acceleration.
🌪️ HIGH VOLATILITY: Information flow is unstable—expect regime uncertainty or “surprise” moves.
☁️ BALANCED: No clear bias—market is in equilibrium.
Positive Gradient: Bullish information flow (buyers have the edge).
Negative Gradient: Bearish information flow (sellers have the edge).
Flow >66%: Strong conviction—crowd is acting in unison.
Volatility Spike: Regime uncertainty—be alert for sudden moves.
Tips:
- Use lower periods for scalping, higher for swing trading.
- “Weighted” mode is most robust for most assets.
- Combine with price action or your own system for confirmation.
- Works on all assets and timeframes—tune to your style.
Alerts
IAG Extreme Asymmetry: Extreme information asymmetry detected.
IAG Building Flow: Information flow building.
IAG High Volatility: Information volatility spike.
IAG Bullish/Bearish Extreme: Directional extreme detected.
Originality & Usefulness
IAG is not a mashup of existing indicators. It is a novel approach to quantifying the “surprise” or “conviction” element in market moves, focusing on the efficiency and directionality of information transfer per unit of price change. The multi-layered color logic, artistic visual effects, and regime dashboard are unique to this script. IAG is designed for anticipation, not confirmation—helping you see subtle imbalances before they become obvious in price.
Chart Info
Script Name: Information Asymmetry Gradient (IAG) – Starry Night
Recommended Use: Any asset, any timeframe. Tune parameters to your style.
Disclaimer
This script is for research and educational purposes only. It does not provide financial advice or direct buy/sell signals. Always use proper risk management and combine with your own strategy. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Trade with insight. Trade with anticipation.
— Dskyz , for DAFE Trading Systems
Consecutive CandlesSummary
This indicator helps visualize short-term momentum by automatically drawing boxes around sequences of consecutive same-colored candles (bullish or bearish). It's designed to quickly highlight periods of sustained buying or selling pressure directly on your chart.
How it Works
Consecutive Candle Detection: The script monitors the chart bar by bar, tracking consecutive candles where close > open (bullish) or close < open (bearish).
Box Drawing: When a sequence of same-colored candles reaches a user-defined minimum length (default is 3) and this sequence is then broken by an opposite-colored candle or a doji, a box is drawn.
Box Boundaries:
The top of the box is set to the highest high price reached during the sequence.
The bottom of the box is set to the lowest low price reached during the sequence.
The left edge of the box aligns with the start time of the first candle in the sequence.
The right edge of the box aligns with the end time of the last candle in the sequence.
Stability: Uses xloc = xloc.bar_time to ensure boxes remain accurately anchored to the price bars when zooming or panning the chart.
Real-time Extension: For active sequences meeting the minimum length on the latest developing bar, the box is optionally extended to the right.
Features
Automatically identifies and boxes sequences of 3 or more (customizable) consecutive bullish candles.
Automatically identifies and boxes sequences of 3 or more (customizable) consecutive bearish candles.
Extends box in real-time for active qualifying sequences.
Customizable minimum candle count (>= 2).
Customizable colors for bullish/bearish boxes and borders.
Settings
You can customize the indicator via the Settings menu (gear icon):
Minimum Consecutive Candles: Define how many candles in a row are needed to draw a box (Default: 3).
Bullish Box Color: Set the fill color for boxes around bullish sequences.
Bearish Box Color: Set the fill color for boxes around bearish sequences.
Box Border Color: Set the color for the border of all boxes.
Potential Use Cases
Momentum Identification: Quickly spot periods of strong, uninterrupted buying or selling.
Exhaustion/Reversal Signals: Very long sequences might indicate potential exhaustion, setting up reversal opportunities.
Consolidation Breakouts: A box forming after a period of tight consolidation can highlight the range just before a potential breakout.
Confirmation: Use the boxes as confirmation for entries or exits based on momentum shifts.
Disclaimer: This indicator provides visual aids based on price action. It should not be used as a standalone trading system. Always use indicators in conjunction with your own analysis and risk management rules.
Supply & DemandWe can think of imbalanced as a signal of a huge order being filled.
For those who do not know what imbalanced candle are, an imbalanced candles are formed when the price move with force in a direction.
Taking the last 3 candles, when the wicks the of 1st and 3rd candle does not fully overlap the middle one, an imbalanced candle is formed.
Usually when a huge hands place its order it never gets filled entirely and the price usually comes back to this zone to fulfil the remaining order.
This indicator highlight range defined by previous high and low pivot right before an imbalanced candle.
Zones highlighted become zones to watch to enter a trade and become either supply or demand zone.
ShadowBlocks SMC indicator💼 SMC Indicator – Trade Like Smart Money
The SMC Indicator is a precision-engineered tool built around Smart Money Concepts, revealing how institutional players truly move the markets. Forget retail noise — SMC cuts through the fog to show the real structure, liquidity zones, and key manipulation points that big money uses to trap uninformed traders.
Key Features:
🔹 Market Structure Mapping: Real-time detection of Breaks of Structure (BOS) and Change of Character (CHoCH) for trend identification.
🔹 Liquidity Zones: Highlights internal and external liquidity pools where stop hunts are most likely to occur.
🔹 Order Blocks & Imbalances: Automatic marking of bullish/bearish order blocks, Fair Value Gaps (FVGs), and mitigation zones.
🔹 Premium/Discount Zones: Smart price equilibrium tracking using internal range Fibonacci logic.
🔹 Entry & Exit Clarity: Clearly defined high-probability entry zones, TP/SL levels, and confirmation-based signals.
Whether you're a price action purist or a strategic SMC trader, this indicator brings the invisible hand of institutions into full view — so you can follow smart money, not fight it.
⚠️ Disclaimer:
ShadowBlocks SMC Indicator is an educational and informational tool. It does not provide financial advice. Always do your own research and consult a licensed financial advisor before making trading decisions.
FVG - NibzDescription: Fair Value Gap (FVG) Indicator - Nibz
This Pine Script identifies and visualizes Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) on your TradingView chart. FVGs are price inefficiencies left behind when the market moves too quickly, skipping price levels that might not be tested. These gaps often act as magnets, attracting price for potential reversals or continuations.
The script works by detecting upward (bullish) and downward (bearish) price imbalances based on specific candlestick criteria and then marks these zones on your chart using customizable shaded boxes. This tool is essential for traders looking to identify key areas of market inefficiency that could signify support/resistance levels, potential reversal zones, or areas to monitor for market rebalancing.
How It Works
1. Bullish FVG Detection
The script identifies an upward imbalance when:
The low of the candlestick two bars back is less than or equal to the open of the previous bar.
The high of the current candlestick is greater than or equal to the close of the previous bar.
When this condition is met and the size of the imbalance is greater than zero, a green box is drawn from the low of the second candlestick back to the high of the current candlestick.
2. Bearish FVG Detection
The script identifies a downward imbalance when:
The high of the candlestick two bars back is greater than or equal to the open of the previous bar.
The low of the current candlestick is less than or equal to the close of the previous bar.
When this condition is met and the size of the imbalance is greater than zero, a red box is drawn from the low of the current candlestick to the high of the second candlestick back.
Customization Options
This script is highly customizable, allowing you to tailor the appearance of the FVG boxes to suit your trading style and chart aesthetics:
Bullish FVG:
Fill color and transparency.
Border color and transparency.
Bearish FVG:
Fill color and transparency.
Border color and transparency.
The settings are user-friendly, with intuitive sliders for transparency and color pickers for customization.
How to Use the Indicator
Adding the Script:
Add the indicator to your chart, and it will automatically mark bullish (green) and bearish (red) FVGs.
Interpreting FVGs:
Bullish FVGs (green zones): These often act as support or areas of potential price rebalancing on retracement.
Bearish FVGs (red zones): These often act as resistance or areas of interest for short entries.
Trade Ideas:
Use FVG zones to confirm other trade signals or strategies.
Watch for price interaction with these zones to time entries and exits.
Key Features
Automated detection of Fair Value Gaps.
Customizable visual representation to match your chart preferences.
Enhances trading precision by identifying price inefficiencies.
Suitable for scalping, day trading, or swing trading strategies.
This script provides a powerful tool to highlight important price levels and inefficiencies in the market, enabling traders to make informed decisions. Whether you're using it as a standalone indicator or combining it with other tools, the 'FVG - Nibz' indicator is a valuable addition to any trader's toolkit!
Enhanced London Session SMC SetupEnhanced London Session SMC Setup Indicator
This Pine Script-based indicator is designed for traders focusing on the London trading session, leveraging smart money concepts (SMC) to identify potential trading opportunities in the GBP/USD currency pair. The script uses multiple techniques such as Order Block Detection, Imbalance (Fair Value Gap) Analysis, Change of Character (CHoCH) detection, and Fibonacci retracement levels to aid in market structure analysis, providing a well-rounded approach to trade setups.
Features:
London Session Highlight:
The indicator visually marks the London trading session (from 08:00 AM to 04:00 PM UTC) on the chart using a blue background, signaling when the high-volume, high-impulse moves tend to occur, helping traders focus their analysis on this key session.
Order Block Detection:
Identifies significant impulse moves that may form order blocks (supply and demand zones). Order blocks are areas where institutions have executed large orders, often leading to price reversals or continuation. The indicator plots the high and low of these order blocks, providing key levels to monitor for potential entries.
Imbalance (Fair Value Gap) Detection:
Detects and highlights price imbalances or fair value gaps (FVG) where the market has moved too quickly, creating a gap in price action. These areas are often revisited by price, offering potential trade opportunities. The upper and lower bounds of the imbalance are visually marked for easy reference.
Change of Character (CHoCH) Detection:
This feature identifies potential trend reversals by detecting significant changes in market character. When the price action shifts from bullish to bearish or vice versa, a CHoCH signal is triggered, and the corresponding level is marked on the chart. This can help traders catch trend reversals at key levels.
Fibonacci Retracement Levels:
The script calculates and plots the key Fibonacci retracement levels (0.618 and 0.786 by default) based on the highest and lowest points over a user-defined swing lookback period. These levels are commonly used by traders to identify potential pullback zones where price may reverse or find support/resistance.
Directional Bias Based on Market Structure:
The indicator provides a market structure analysis by comparing the current highs and lows to the previous periods' highs and lows. This helps in identifying whether the market is in a bullish or bearish state, providing a clear directional bias for trade setups.
Alerts:
The indicator comes with built-in alert conditions to notify the trader when an order block, imbalance, CHoCH, or other significant price action event is detected, ensuring timely action can be taken.
Ideal Usage:
Timeframe: Suitable for intraday trading, particularly focusing on the London session (08:00 AM to 04:00 PM UTC).
Currency Pair: Specifically designed for GBP/USD but can be adapted to other pairs with similar market behavior.
Trading Strategy: Best used in conjunction with a price action strategy, focusing on the key levels identified (order blocks, FVG, CHoCH) and using Fibonacci retracement levels for precision entries.
Target Audience: Ideal for traders who follow smart money concepts (SMC) and are looking for a structured approach to identify high-probability setups during the London session.
Volume Disharmony IndicatorThis indicator is designed to detect imbalanced volume compared to the open/close of the corresponding candle body. The idea is that institutions often trade in higher volume within a smaller price range. Identifying these can give an indication if there is a rally or selloff happening. The code looks at the median of all the prior candles from the point of the last trigger and compares them to the range in body of the candles in order to dynamically find a baseline, by which imbalances can be more accurately detected throughout changing market conditions.
Relative volume zone + Smart Order Flow Dynamic S/ROverview:
The Relative Volume Zone + Smart Order Flow with Dynamic S/R indicator is designed to help traders identify key trading opportunities by combining multiple technical components. This script integrates relative volume analysis, order flow detection, VWAP, RSI filtering, and dynamic support and resistance levels to offer a comprehensive view of the market conditions. It is particularly effective on shorter timeframes (M5, M15), making it suitable for scalping and day trading strategies.
Key Components:
1. Relative Volume Zones:
• The script calculates the relative volume by comparing the current volume with the average volume over a defined lookback period (volLookback). When the relative volume exceeds a specified multiplier (volMultiplier), it indicates a high volume zone, signaling potential accumulation or distribution areas.
• Purpose: Identifies high-volume trading zones that may act as significant support or resistance, indicating possible entry or exit points.
2. Smart Order Flow Analysis:
• The indicator uses Volume Delta (the difference between buying and selling volume) and a Cumulative Delta to detect order imbalances in the market.
• Order Imbalance is identified using a moving average of the Volume Delta (orderImbalance), which helps highlight hidden buying or selling pressure.
• Purpose: Reveals market sentiment by showing whether buyers or sellers dominate the market, aiding in the identification of trend reversals or continuations.
3. VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price):
• VWAP is calculated over a default daily length (vwapLength) to show the average price a security has traded at throughout the day, based on both volume and price.
• Purpose: Provides insight into the fair value of the asset, indicating whether the market is in an accumulation or distribution phase.
4. RSI (Relative Strength Index) Filter:
• RSI is used to filter buy and sell signals, preventing trades in overbought or oversold conditions. It is calculated using a specified period (rsiPeriod).
• Purpose: Reduces false signals and improves trade accuracy by only allowing trades when RSI conditions align with volume and order flow signals.
5. Dynamic Support and Resistance Levels:
• The script dynamically plots support and resistance levels based on recent swing highs and lows (swingLookback).
• Purpose: Identifies potential reversal zones where price action may change direction, allowing for more precise entry and exit points.
How It Works:
• Buy Signal:
A buy signal is generated when:
• The price enters a high-volume zone.
• The price crosses above a 5-period moving average.
• The cumulative delta shows more buying pressure (cumulativeDelta > SMA of cumulativeDelta).
• The RSI is below 70 (not in overbought conditions).
• Sell Signal:
A sell signal is generated when:
• The price enters a high-volume zone.
• The price crosses below a 5-period moving average.
• The cumulative delta shows more selling pressure (cumulativeDelta < SMA of cumulativeDelta).
• The RSI is above 30 (not in oversold conditions).
• Dynamic Support and Resistance Lines:
Drawn based on recent swing highs and lows, these lines provide context for potential price reversals or breakouts.
• VWAP and Order Imbalance Lines:
Plotted to show the average traded price and highlight order flow shifts, helping to validate buy/sell signals.
How to Use:
1. Apply the Indicator:
Add the script to your chart and adjust the settings to match your trading style and preferred timeframe (optimized for M5/M15).
2. Interpret the Signals:
Use the buy and sell signals in conjunction with dynamic support/resistance, VWAP, and order imbalance lines to identify high-probability trade setups.
3. Monitor Alerts:
Set alerts for significant order flow events to receive notifications when there is a positive or negative order imbalance, indicating potential market shifts.
What Makes It Unique:
This script is unique because it combines multiple market analysis tools — relative volume zones, smart order flow, VWAP, RSI filtering, and dynamic support/resistance — to provide a well-rounded, multi-dimensional view of the market. This integration allows traders to make more informed decisions by validating signals across various indicators, enhancing overall trading accuracy and effectiveness.
FVG Instantaneous Mitigation Signals [LuxAlgo]The FVG Instantaneous Mitigation Signals indicator detects and highlights "instantaneously" mitigated fair value gaps (FVG), that is FVGs that get mitigated one bar after their creation, returning signals upon mitigation.
Take profit/stop loss areas, as well as a trailing stop loss are also included to complement the signals.
🔶 USAGE
Instantaneous Fair Value Gap mitigation is a new concept introduced in this script and refers to the event of price mitigating a fair value gap one bar after its creation.
The resulting signal sentiment is opposite to the bias of the mitigated fair value gap. As such an instantaneously mitigated bearish FGV results in a bullish signal, while an instantaneously mitigated bullish FGV results in a bearish signal.
Fair value gap areas subject to instantaneous mitigation are highlighted alongside their average level, this level is extended until reached in a direction opposite to the FVG bias and can be used as a potential support/resistance level.
Users can filter out less volatile fair value gaps using the "FVG Width Filter" setting, with higher values highlighting more volatile fair value gaps subject to instantaneous mitigation.
🔹 TP/SL Areas
Users can enable take-profit/stop-loss areas. These are displayed upon a new signal formation, with an area starting from the mitigated FVG area average to this average plus/minus N ATRs, where N is determined by their respective multiplier settings.
Using a higher multiplier will return more distant areas from the price, requiring longer-term variations to be reached.
🔹 Trailing Stop Loss
A trailing-stop loss is included, increasing when the price makes a new higher high or lower low since the trailing has been set. Using a higher trailing stop multiplier will allow its initial position to be further away from the price, reducing its chances of being hit.
The trailing stop can be reset on "Every Signal", whether they are bullish or bearish, or only on an "Inverse Signal", which will reset the trailing when a signal of opposite bias is detected, this will preserve an existing trailing stop when a new signal of the same bias to the present one is detected.
🔶 DETAILS
Fair Value Gaps are ubiquitous to price action traders. These patterns arise when there exists a disparity between supply and demand. The action of price coming back and filling these imbalance areas is referred to as "mitigation" or "rebalancing".
"Instantaneous mitigation" refers to the event of price quickly mitigating a prior fair value gap, which in the case of this script is one bar after their creation. These events are indicative of a market more attentive to imbalances, and more willing to correct disparities in supply and demand.
If the market is particularly sensitive to imbalances correction then these can be excessively corrected, leading to further imbalances, highlighting a potential feedback process.
🔶 SETTINGS
FVG Width Filter: Filter out FVGs with thinner areas from returning a potential signal.
🔹 TP/SL
TP Area: Enable take-profit areas for new signals.
Multiplier: Control the distance from the take profit and the price, with higher values returning more distant TP's.
SL Area: Enable stop-loss areas for new signals.
Multiplier: Control the distance from the stop loss and the price, with higher values returning more distant SL's.
🔹 Trailing Stop
Reset Trailing Stop: Determines when the trailing stop is reset.
Multiplier: Controls the initial position of the trailing stop, with higher values returning more distant trailing stops.
Concretum BandsDefinition
The Concretum Bands indicator recreates the Upper and Lower Bound of the Noise Area described in the paper "Beat the Market: An Effective Intraday Momentum Strategy for S&P500 ETF (SPY)" published by Concretum founder Zarattini, along with Barbon and Aziz, in May 2024.
Below we provide all the information required to understand how the indicator is calculated, the rationale behind it and how people can use it.
Idea Behind
The indicator aims to outline an intraday price region where the stock is expected to move without indicating any demand/supply imbalance. When the price crosses the boundaries of the Noise Area, it suggests a significant imbalance that may trigger an intraday trend.
How the Indicator is Calculated
The bands at time HH:MM are computed by taking the open price of day t and then adding/subtracting the average absolute move over the last n days from market open to minute HH:MM . The bands are also adjusted to account for overnight gaps. A volatility multiplier can be used to increase/decrease the width of the bands, similar to other well-known technical bands. The bands described in the paper were computed using a lookback period (length) of 14 days and a Volatility Multiplier of 1. Users can easily adjust these settings.
How to use the indicator
A trader may use this indicator to identify intraday moves that exceed the average move over the most recent period. A break outside the bands could be used as a signal of significant demand/supply imbalance.
Smart Money Concept [TradingFinder] Major OB + FVG + Liquidity🔵 Introduction
"Smart Money" refers to funds under the control of institutional investors, central banks, funds, market makers, and other financial entities. Ordinary people recognize investments made by those who have a deep understanding of market performance and possess information typically inaccessible to regular investors as "Smart Money".
Consequently, when market movements often diverge from expectations, traders identify the footprints of smart money. For example, when a classic pattern forms in the market, traders take short positions. However, the market might move upward instead. They attribute this contradiction to smart money and seek to capitalize on such inconsistencies in their trades.
The "Smart Money Concept" (SMC) is one of the primary styles of technical analysis that falls under the subset of "Price Action". Price action encompasses various subcategories, with one of the most significant being "Supply and Demand", in which SMC is categorized.
The SMC method aims to identify trading opportunities by emphasizing the impact of large traders (Smart Money) on the market, offering specific patterns, techniques, and trading strategies.
🟣 Key Terms of Smart Money Concept (SMC)
• Market Structure (Trend)
• Change of Character (ChoCh)
• Break of Structure (BoS)
• Order Blocks (Supply and Demand)
• Imbalance (IMB)
• Inefficiency (IFC)
• Fair Value Gap (FVG)
• Liquidity
• Premium and Discount
🔵 How Does the "Smart Money Concept Indicator" Work?
🟣 Market Structure
a. Accumulation
b. Market-Up
c. Distribution
d. Market-Down
a) Accumulation Phase : During the accumulation period, typically following a downtrend, smart money enters the market without significantly affecting the pricing trend.
b) Market-Up Phase : In this phase, the price of an asset moves upward from the accumulation range and begins to rise. Usually, the buying by retail investors is the main driver of this trend, and due to positive market sentiment, it continues.
c) Distribution Phase : The distribution phase, unlike the accumulation stage, occurs after an uptrend. In this phase, smart money attempts to exit the market without causing significant price fluctuations.
d) Market-Down Phase : In this stage, the price of an asset moves downward from the distribution phase, initiating a prolonged downtrend. Smart money liquidates all its positions by creating selling pressure, trapping latecomer investors.
The result of these four phases in the market becomes the market trend.
Types of Trends in Financial Markets :
a. Up-Trend
b. Down Trend
c. Range (No Trend)
a) Up-Trend : The market breaks consecutive highs.
b) Down Trend : The market breaks consecutive lows.
c) No Trend or Range : The market oscillates within a range without breaking either highs or lows.
🟣 Change of Character (ChoCh)
The "ChoCh" or "Change of Character" pattern indicates an initial change in order flow in financial markets. This structural change occurs when a major pivot in the opposite direction of the market trend fails. It signals a potential change in the market trend and can serve as a signal for short-term or long-term trend changes in a trading symbol.
🟣 Break of Structure (BoS)
The "BoS" or "Break of Structure" pattern indicates the continuation of the trend in financial markets. This structure forms when, in an uptrend, the price breaks its ceiling or, in a downtrend, the price breaks its floor.
🟣 Order Blocks (Supply and Demand)
Order blocks consist of supply and demand areas where the likelihood of price reversal is higher. There are six order blocks in this indicator, categorized based on their origin and formation reasons.
a. Demand Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
b. Demand Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
c. Demand All Zone, "BoS" Origin.
d. Supply Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
e. Supply Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
f. Supply All Zone, "BoS" Origin.
🟣 FVG | Inefficiency | Imbalance
These three terms are almost synonymous. They describe the presence of gaps between consecutive candle shadows. This inefficiency occurs when the market moves rapidly. Primarily, imbalances and these rapid movements stem from the entry of smart money and the imbalance between buyer and seller power. Therefore, identifying these movements is crucial for traders.
These areas are significant because prices often return to fill these gaps or even before they occur to fill price gaps.
🟣 Liquidity
Liquidity zones are areas where there is a likelihood of congestion of stop-loss orders. Liquidity is considered the driving force of the entire market, and market makers may manipulate the market using these zones. However, in many cases, this does not happen because there is insufficient liquidity in some areas.
Types of Liquidity in Financial Markets :
a. Trend Lines
b. Double Tops | Double Bottoms
c. Triple Tops | Triple Bottoms
d. Support Lines | Resistance Lines
All four types of liquidity in this indicator are automatically identified.
🟣 Premium and Discount
Premium and discount zones can assist traders in making better decisions. For instance, they may sell positions in expensive ranges and buy in cheaper ranges. The closer the price is to the major resistance, the more expensive it is, and the closer it is to the major support, the cheaper it is.
🔵 How to Use
🟣 Change of Character (ChoCh) and Break of Structure (BoS)
This indicator detects "ChoCh" and "BoS" in both Minor and Major states. You can turn on the display of these lines by referring to the last part of the settings.
🟣 Order Blocks (Supply and Demand)
Order blocks are Zones where the probability of price reversal is higher. In demand Zones you can buy opportunities and in supply Zones you can check sell opportunities.
The "Refinement" feature allows you to adjust the width of the order block according to your strategy. There are two modes, "Aggressive" and "Defensive," in the "Order Block Refine". The difference between "Aggressive" and "Defensive" lies in the width of the order block.
For risk-averse traders, the "Defensive" mode is suitable as it provides a lower loss limit and a greater reward-to-risk ratio. For risk-taking traders, the "Aggressive" mode is more appropriate. These traders prefer to enter trades at higher prices, and this mode, which has a wider order block width, is more suitable for this group of individuals.
🟣 Fair Value Gap (FVG) | Imbalance (IMB) | Inefficiency (IFC)
In order to identify the "fair value gap" on the chart, it must be analyzed candle by candle. In this process, it is important to pay attention to candles with a large size, and a candle and a candle should be examined before that.
Candles before and after this central candle should have long shadows and their bodies should not overlap with the central candle body. The distance between the shadows of the first and third candles is known as the FVG range.
These areas work in two ways :
• Supply and demand area : In this case, the price reacts to these areas and the trend is reversed.
• Liquidity zone : In this scenario, the price "fills" the zone and then reaches the order block.
Important note : In most cases, the FVG zone of very small width acts as a supply and demand zone, while the zone of significant width acts as a liquidity zone and absorbs price.
When the FVG filter is activated, the FVG regions are filtered based on the specified algorithm.
FVG filter types include the following :
1. Very Aggressive Mode : In addition to the initial condition, an additional condition is considered. For bullish FVG, the maximum price of the last candle must be greater than the maximum price of the middle candle.
Similarly, for a bearish FVG, the minimum price of the last candle must be lower than the minimum price of the middle candle. This mode removes the minimum number of FVGs.
2. Aggressive : In addition to the very aggressive condition, the size of the middle candle is also considered. The size of the center candle should not be small and therefore more FVGs are removed in this case.
3. Defensive : In addition to the conditions of the very aggressive mode, this mode also considers the size of the middle pile, which should be relatively large and make up the majority of the body.
Also, to identify bullish FVGs, the second and third candles must be positive, while for bearish FVGs, the second and third candles must be negative. This mode filters out a significant number of FVGs and keeps only those of good quality.
4. Very Defensive : In addition to the conditions of the defensive mode, in this mode the first and third candles should not be very small-bodied doji candles. This mode filters out most FVGs and only the best quality ones remain.
🟣 Liquidity
These levels are where traders intend to exit their trades. "Market makers" or smart money usually accumulate or distribute their trading positions near these levels, where many retail traders have placed their "stop loss" orders. When liquidity is collected from these losses, the price often reverses.
A "Stop hunt" is a move designed to offset liquidity generated by established stop losses. Banks often use major news events to trigger stop hunts and capture liquidity released into the market. For example, if they intend to execute heavy buy orders, they encourage others to sell through stop-hots.
Consequently, if there is liquidity in the market before reaching the order block area, the validity of that order block is higher. Conversely, if the liquidity is close to the order block, that is, the price reaches the order block before reaching the liquidity limit, the validity of that order block is lower.
🟣 Alert
With the new alert functionality in this indicator, you won't miss any important trading signals. Alerts are activated when the price hits the last order block.
1. It is possible to set alerts for each "symbol" and "time frame". The system will automatically detect both and include them in the warning message.
2. Each alert provides the exact date and time it was triggered. This helps you measure the timeliness of the signal and evaluate its relevance.
3. Alerts include target order block price ranges. The "Proximal" level represents the initial price level strike, while the "Distal" level represents the maximum price gap in the block. These details are included in the warning message.
4. You can customize the alert name through the "Alert Name" entry.
5. Create custom messages for "long" and "short" alerts to be sent with notifications.
🔵 Setting
a. Pivot Period of Order Blocks Detector :
Using this parameter, you can set the zigzag period that is formed based on the pivots.
b. Order Blocks Validity Period (Bar) :
You can set the validity period of each Order Block based on the number of candles that have passed since the origin of the Order Block.
c. Demand Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Demand Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
d. Demand Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Demand Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
e. Demand All Zone, "BoS" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Demand All Zone, "BoS" Origin.
f. Supply Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Supply Main Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
g. Supply Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Supply Sub Zone, "ChoCh" Origin.
h. Supply All Zone, "BoS" Origin :
You can control the display or not display as well as the color of Supply All Zone, "BoS" Origin.
i. Refine Demand Main : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
j. Refine Demand Sub : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
k. Refine Demand BoS : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
l. Refine Supply Main : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
m. Refine Supply Sub : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
n. Refine Supply BoS : You can choose to be refined or not and also the type of refining.
o. Show Demand FVG : You can choose to show or not show Demand FVG.
p. Show Supply FVG : You can choose to show or not show Supply FVG
q. FVG Filter : You can choose whether FVG is filtered or not. Also specify the type of filter you want to use.
r. Show Statics High Liquidity Line : Show or not show Statics High Liquidity Line.
s. Show Statics Low Liquidity Line : Show or not show Statics Low Liquidity Line.
t. Show Dynamics High Liquidity Line : Show or not show Dynamics High Liquidity Line.
u. Show Dynamics Low Liquidity Line : Show or not show Dynamics Low Liquidity Line.
v. Statics Period Pivot :
Using this parameter, you can set the Swing period that is formed based on Static Liquidity Lines.
w. Dynamics Period Pivot :
Using this parameter, you can set the Swing period that is formed based Dynamics Liquidity Lines.
x. Statics Liquidity Line Sensitivity :
is a number between 0 and 0.4. Increasing this number decreases the sensitivity of the "Statics Liquidity Line Detection" function and increases the number of lines identified. The default value is 0.3.
y. Dynamics Liquidity Line Sensitivity :
is a number between 0.4 and 1.95. Increasing this number increases the sensitivity of the "Dynamics Liquidity Line Detection" function and decreases the number of lines identified. The default value is 1.
z. Alerts Name : You can customize the alert name using this input and set it to your desired name.
aa. Alert Demand Main Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Demand Main 's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
bb. Alert Demand Sub Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Demand Sub's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
cc. Alert Demand BoS Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Demand BoS's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
dd. Alert Supply Main Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Supply Main's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
ee. Alert Supply Sub Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Supply Sub's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
ff. Alert Supply BoS Mitigation :
If you want to receive the alert about Supply BoS's mitigation after setting the alerts, leave this tick on. Otherwise, turn it off.
gg. Message Frequency :
This parameter, represented as a string, determines the frequency of announcements. Options include: 'All' (triggers the alert every time the function is called), 'Once Per Bar' (triggers the alert only on the first call within the bar), and 'Once Per Bar Close' (activates the alert only during the final script execution of the real-time bar upon closure). The default setting is 'Once per Bar'.
hh. Show Alert time by Time Zone :
The date, hour, and minute displayed in alert messages can be configured to reflect any chosen time zone. For instance, if you prefer London time, you should input 'UTC+1'. By default, this input is configured to the 'UTC' time zone.
ii. Display More Info : The 'Display More Info' option provides details regarding the price range of the order blocks (Zone Price), along with the date, hour, and minute. If you prefer not to include this information in the alert message, you should set it to 'Off'.
You also have access to display or not to display, choose the Style and Color of all the lines below :
a. Major Bullish "BoS" Lines
b. Major Bearish "BoS" Lines
c. Minor Bullish "BoS" Lines
d. Minor Bearish "BoS" Lines
e. Major Bullish "ChoCh" Lines
f. Major Bearish "ChoCh" Lines
g. Minor Bullish "ChoCh" Lines
h. Minor Bearish "ChoCh" Lines
i. Last Major Support Line
j. Last Major Resistance Line
k. Last Minor Support Line
l. Last Minor Resistance Line
See inside Candles: Directionality %; Constituent Bars & GapsSee inside candles based on user-input LTF setting: get data on 'Directionality' of your candle; Gaps (total and Sum; UP and DOWN); Number of Bull or Bear constituent candles
//Features:
-DIRECTIONALITY: compare length of the 'zig-zag' random walk of lower time frame constituent candles, to the full height of the current candle. Resulting % I refer to as 'directionality'.
-GAPs: what i refer to as 'gaps' are also known as Volume imbalances: the gap between previous candles close and current candle's open (if there is one).
--Gaps total (up vs down gaps). Number of Up gaps printed above bar in green, down gaps printed below bar in red.
--Gaps Sum (total summed UP gap, total summed down gaps. Sum of Up gaps printed above bar in green, Sum of down gaps printed below bar in red.
-Candles Total: Numer of LTF up vs down candles within current timeframe candle. Number of up candles printed above bar in green, Number of down candles printed below bar in red.
//USAGE:
-Primary purpose in this was the Directionality aspect. Wanted to get a measure of how choppy vs how directional the internals of a candle were. Idea being that a candle with high % directionality (approaching 100) would imply trending conditions; while a candle which was large range and full bodies but had a low % directionality would imply the internals were back-and-forth and => rebalanced, potentially indicating price may not need to retrace back into it and rebalance further. All rather experimental, please treat it as such: have a play around with it.
-Number of gaps, Sums of up and down gaps, ratio of up and down constituent candles also intended to serve a similar purpose as the above.
-Set the input lower timeframe; this must obviously be lower then your current timeframe. You will significant differences in results depending on the ratio your timeframes (chart timeframe vs user-input timeframe).
//User Inputs:
-Lower timeframe input (setting child candle size within current chart parent candle).
-Choose function from the four listed above.
-typical formating options: Bull color/bear color txt for gaps functions.
-display % unit or not.
-display vertical or horizontal text.
-Set min / max directionality thresholds; and color code results.
-Toggle on/off 'hide results outside of threshold' to declutter the chart.
-choose label style.
//NOTES:
-Directionality thresholds can be set manually; Max and Min thresholds can be set to filter out 'non-extreme' readings.
-Note that directionality % can sometimes exceed 100%, in cases where price trends very strongly and gaps up continuously such that sum of constituent candles is less than total range of parent candle.
-Personally i like the idea of seeking bold, large-range, full bodied candles, with a lower than typical directionality %; indicating that a price move is both significant and it's already done it's rebalancing; I would see this as potentially favourable for continuation (obviously depending on context).
---- Showcase of the other functions beyond Directionality percentage ----
Candles Total (bull vs Bear). ES1! Hourly; ltf = 5min: Candles total: LTF up candles and LTF down candles making up the current HTF candle (constituent number of UP candles printed above in green, Down candles printed below in red):
Gaps SUM. SPX hourly, ltf = 5min. Sum of 'UP' gaps within candle printed above in green, sum of 'DOWN' gaps printed below in red:
Gaps TOTAL: SPX hourly, ltf = 1min. Simply the total of 'up' gaps vs 'down' gaps withing our candle; based on the user input constituent candles within:
Delta Volume Columns Pro [LucF]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator displays volume delta information calculated with intrabar inspection on historical bars, and feed updates when running in realtime. It is designed to run in a pane and can display either stacked buy/sell volume columns or a signal line which can be calculated and displayed in many different ways.
Five different models are offered to reveal different characteristics of the calculated volume delta information. Many options are offered to visualize the calculations, giving you much leeway in morphing the indicator's visuals to suit your needs. If you value delta volume information, I hope you will find the time required to master Delta Volume Columns Pro well worth the investment. I am confident that if you combine a proper understanding of the indicator's information with an intimate knowledge of the volume idiosyncrasies on the markets you trade, you can extract useful market intelligence using this tool.
█ WARNINGS
1. The indicator only works on markets where volume information is available,
Please validate that your symbol's feed carries volume information before asking me why the indicator doesn't plot values.
2. When you refresh your chart or re-execute the script on the chart, the indicator will repaint because elapsed realtime bars will then recalculate as historical bars.
3. Because the indicator uses different modes of calculation on historical and realtime bars, it's critical that you understand the differences between them. Details are provided further down.
4. Calculations using intrabar inspection on historical bars can only be done from some chart timeframes. See further down for a list of supported timeframes.
If the chart's timeframe is not supported, no historical volume delta will display.
█ CONCEPTS
Chart bars
Three different types of bars are used in charts:
1. Historical bars are bars that have already closed when the script executes on them.
2. The realtime bar is the current, incomplete bar where a script is running on an open market. There is only one active realtime bar on your chart at any given time.
The realtime bar is where alerts trigger.
3. Elapsed realtime bars are bars that were calculated when they were realtime bars but have since closed.
When a script re-executes on a chart because the browser tab is refreshed or some of its inputs are changed, elapsed realtime bars are recalculated as historical bars.
Why does this indicator use two modes of calculation?
Historical bars on TradingView charts contain OHLCV data only, which is insufficient to calculate volume delta on them with any level of precision. To mine more detailed information from those bars we look at intrabars , i.e., bars from a smaller timeframe (we call it the intrabar timeframe ) that are contained in one chart bar. If your chart Is running at 1D on a 24x7 market for example, most 1D chart bars will contain 24 underlying 1H bars in their dilation. On historical bars, this indicator looks at those intrabars to amass volume delta information. If the intrabar is up, its volume goes in the Buy bin, and inversely for the Sell bin. When price does not move on an intrabar, the polarity of the last known movement is used to determine in which bin its volume goes.
In realtime, we have access to price and volume change for each update of the chart. Because a 1D chart bar can be updated tens of thousands of times during the day, volume delta calculations on those updates is much more precise. This precision, however, comes at a price:
— The script must be running on the chart for it to keep calculating in realtime.
— If you refresh your chart you will lose all accumulated realtime calculations on elapsed realtime bars, and the realtime bar.
Elapsed realtime bars will recalculate as historical bars, i.e., using intrabar inspection, and the realtime bar's calculations will reset.
When the script recalculates elapsed realtime bars as historical bars, the values on those bars will change, which means the script repaints in those conditions.
— When the indicator first calculates on a chart containing an incomplete realtime bar, it will count ALL the existing volume on the bar as Buy or Sell volume,
depending on the polarity of the bar at that point. This will skew calculations for that first bar. Scripts have no access to the history of a realtime bar's previous updates,
and intrabar inspection cannot be used on realtime bars, so this is the only to go about this.
— Even if alerts only trigger upon confirmation of their conditions after the realtime bar closes, they are repainting alerts
because they would perhaps not have calculated the same way using intrabar inspection.
— On markets like stocks that often have different EOD and intraday feeds and volume information,
the volume's scale may not be the same for the realtime bar if your chart is at 1D, for example,
and the indicator is using an intraday timeframe to calculate on historical bars.
— Any chart timeframe can be used in realtime mode, but plots that include moving averages in their calculations may require many elapsed realtime bars before they can calculate.
You might prefer drastically reducing the periods of the moving averages, or using the volume columns mode, which displays instant values, instead of the line.
Volume Delta Balances
This indicator uses a variety of methods to evaluate five volume delta balances and derive other values from those balances. The five balances are:
1 — On Bar Balance : This is the only balance using instant values; it is simply the subtraction of the Sell volume from the Buy volume on the bar.
2 — Average Balance : Calculates a distinct EMA for both the Buy and Sell volumes, and subtracts the Sell EMA from the Buy EMA.
3 — Momentum Balance : Starts by calculating, separately for both Buy and Sell volumes, the difference between the same EMAs used in "Average Balance" and
an SMA of double the period used for the "Average Balance" EMAs. The difference for the Sell side is subtracted from the difference for the Buy side,
and an RSI of that value is calculated and brought over the −50/+50 scale.
4 — Relative Balance : The reference values used in the calculation are the Buy and Sell EMAs used in the "Average Balance".
From those, we calculate two intermediate values using how much the instant Buy and Sell volumes on the bar exceed their respective EMA — but with a twist.
If the bar's Buy volume does not exceed the EMA of Buy volume, a zero value is used. The same goes for the Sell volume with the EMA of Sell volume.
Once we have our two intermediate values for the Buy and Sell volumes exceeding their respective MA, we subtract them. The final "Relative Balance" value is an ALMA of that subtraction.
The rationale behind using zero values when the bar's Buy/Sell volume does not exceed its EMA is to only take into account the more significant volume.
If both instant volume values exceed their MA, then the difference between the two is the signal's value.
The signal is called "relative" because the intermediate values are the difference between the instant Buy/Sell volumes and their respective MA.
This balance flatlines when the bar's Buy/Sell volumes do not exceed their EMAs, which makes it useful to spot areas where trader interest dwindles, such as consolidations.
The smaller the period of the final value's ALMA, the more easily you will see the balance flatline. These flat zones should be considered no-trade zones.
5 — Percent Balance : This balance is the ALMA of the ratio of the "On Bar Balance" value, i.e., the volume delta balance on the bar (which can be positive or negative),
over the total volume for that bar.
From the balances and marker conditions, two more values are calculated:
1 — Marker Bias : It sums the up/down (+1/‒1) occurrences of the markers 1 to 4 over a period you define, so it ranges from −4 to +4, times the period.
Its calculation will depend on the modes used to calculate markers 3 and 4.
2 — Combined Balances : This is the sum of the bull/bear (+1/−1) states of each of the five balances, so it ranges from −5 to +5.
█ FEATURES
The indicator has two main modes of operation: Columns and Line .
Columns
• In Columns mode you can display stacked Buy/Sell volume columns.
• The buy section always appears above the centerline, the sell section below.
• The top and bottom sections can be colored independently using eight different methods.
• The EMAs of the Buy/Sell values can be displayed (these are the same EMAs used to calculate the "Average Balance").
Line
• Displays one of seven signals: the five balances or one of two complementary values, i.e., the "Marker Bias" or the "Combined Balances".
• You can color the line and its fill using independent calculation modes to pack more information in the display.
You can thus appraise the state of 3 different values using the line itself, its color and the color of its fill.
• A "Divergence Levels" feature will use the line to automatically draw expanding levels on divergence events.
Default settings
Using the indicator's default settings, this is the information displayed:
• The line is calculated on the "Average Balance".
• The line's color is determined by the bull/bear state of the "Percent Balance".
• The line's fill gradient is determined by the advances/declines of the "Momentum Balance".
• The orange divergence dots are calculated using discrepancies between the polarity of the "On Bar Balance" and the chart's bar.
• The divergence levels are determined using the line's level when a divergence occurs.
• The background's fill gradient is calculated on advances/declines of the "Marker Bias".
• The chart bars are colored using advances/declines of the "Relative Balance". Divergences are shown in orange.
• The intrabar timeframe is automatically determined from the chart's timeframe so that a minimum of 50 intrabars are used to calculate volume delta on historical bars.
Alerts
The configuration of the marker conditions explained further is what determines the conditions that will trigger alerts created from this script. Note that simply selecting the display of markers does not create alerts. To create an alert on this script, you must use ALT-A from the chart. You can create multiple alerts triggering on different conditions from this same script; simply configure the markers so they define the trigger conditions for each alert before creating the alert. The configuration of the script's inputs is saved with the alert, so from then on you can change them without affecting the alert. Alert messages will mention the marker(s) that triggered the specific alert event. Keep in mind, when creating alerts on small chart timeframes, that discrepancies between alert triggers and markers displayed on your chart are to be expected. This is because the alert and your chart are running two distinct instances of the indicator on different servers and different feeds. Also keep in mind that while alerts only trigger on confirmed conditions, they are calculated using realtime calculation mode, which entails that if you refresh your chart and elapsed realtime bars recalculate as historical bars using intrabar inspection, markers will not appear in the same places they appeared in realtime. So it's important to understand that even though the alert conditions are confirmed when they trigger, these alerts will repaint.
Let's go through the sections of the script's inputs.
Columns
The size of the Buy/Sell columns always represents their respective importance on the bar, but the coloring mode for tops and bottoms is independent. The default setup uses a standard coloring mode where the Buy/Sell columns are always in the bull/bear color with a higher intensity for the winning side. Seven other coloring modes allow you to pack more information in the columns. When choosing to color the top columns using a bull/bear gradient on "Average Balance", for example, you will have bull/bear colored tops. In order for the color of the bottom columns to continue to show the instant bar balance, you can then choose the "On Bar Balance — Dual Solid Colors" coloring mode to make those bars the color of the winning side for that bar. You can display the averages of the Buy and Sell columns. If you do, its coloring is controlled through the "Line" and "Line fill" sections below.
Line and Line fill
You can select the calculation mode and the thickness of the line, and independent calculations to determine the line's color and fill.
Zero Line
The zero line can display dots when all five balances are bull/bear.
Divergences
You first select the detection mode. Divergences occur whenever the up/down direction of the signal does not match the up/down polarity of the bar. Divergences are used in three components of the indicator's visuals: the orange dot, colored chart bars, and to calculate the divergence levels on the line. The divergence levels are dynamic levels that automatically build from the line's values on divergence events. On consecutive divergences, the levels will expand, creating a channel. This implementation of the divergence levels corresponds to my view that divergences indicate anomalies, hesitations, points of uncertainty if you will. It precludes any attempt to identify a directional bias to divergences. Accordingly, the levels merely take note of divergence events and mark those points in time with levels. Traders then have a reference point from which they can evaluate further movement. The bull/bear/neutral colors used to plot the levels are also congruent with this view in that they are determined by the line's position relative to the levels, which is how I think divergences can be put to the most effective use. One of the coloring modes for the line's fill uses advances/declines in the line after divergence events.
Background
The background can show a bull/bear gradient on six different calculations. As with other gradients, you can adjust its brightness to make its importance proportional to how you use it in your analysis.
Chart bars
Chart bars can be colored using seven different methods. You have the option of emptying the body of bars where volume does not increase, as does my TLD indicator, and you can choose whether you want to show divergences.
Intrabar Timeframe
This is the intrabar timeframe that will be used to calculate volume delta using intrabar inspection on historical bars. You can choose between four modes. The three "Auto-steps" modes calculate, from the chart's timeframe, the intrabar timeframe where the said number of intrabars will make up the dilation of chart bars. Adjustments are made for non-24x7 markets. "Fixed" mode allows you to select the intrabar timeframe you want. Checking the "Show TF" box will display in the lower-right corner the intrabar timeframe used at any given moment. The proper selection of the intrabar timeframe is important. It must achieve maximal granularity to produce precise results while not unduly slowing down calculations, or worse, causing runtime errors. Note that historical depth will vary with the intrabar timeframe. The smaller the timeframe, the shallower historical plots you will be.
Markers
Markers appear when the required condition has been confirmed on a closed bar. The configuration of the markers when you create an alert is what determines when the alert will trigger. Five markers are available:
• Balances Agreement : All five balances are either bullish or bearish.
• Double Bumps : A double bump is two consecutive up/down bars with +/‒ volume delta, and rising Buy/Sell volume above its average.
• Divergence confirmations : A divergence is confirmed up/down when the chosen balance is up/down on the previous bar when that bar was down/up, and this bar is up/down.
• Balance Shifts : These are bull/bear transitions of the selected signal.
• Marker Bias Shifts : Marker bias shifts occur when it crosses into bull/bear territory.
Periods
Allows control over the periods of the different moving averages used to calculate the balances.
Volume Discrepancies
Stock exchanges do not report the same volume for intraday and daily (or higher) resolutions. Other variations in how volume information is reported can also occur in other markets, namely Forex, where volume irregularities can even occur between different intraday timeframes. This will cause discrepancies between the total volume on the bar at the chart's timeframe, and the total volume calculated by adding the volume of the intrabars in that bar's dilation. This does not necessarily invalidate the volume delta information calculated from intrabars, but it tells us that we are using partial volume data. A mechanism to detect chart vs intrabar timeframe volume discrepancies is provided. It allows you to define a threshold percentage above which the background will indicate a difference has been detected.
Other Settings
You can control here the display of the gray dot reminder on realtime bars, and the display of error messages if you are using a chart timeframe that is not greater than the fixed intrabar timeframe, when you use that mode. Disabling the message can be useful if you only use realtime mode at chart timeframes that do not support intrabar inspection.
█ RAMBLINGS
On Volume Delta
Volume is arguably the best complement to interpret price action, and I consider volume delta to be the most effective way of processing volume information. In periods of low-volatility price consolidations, volume will typically also be lower than normal, but slight imbalances in the trend of the buy/sell volume balance can sometimes help put early odds on the direction of the break from consolidation. Additionally, the progression of the volume imbalance can help determine the proximity of the breakout. I also find volume delta and the number of divergences very useful to evaluate the strength of trends. In trends, I am looking for "slow and steady", i.e., relatively low volatility and pauses where price action doesn't look like world affairs are being reassessed. In my personal mythology, this type of trend is often more resilient than high-volatility breakouts, especially when volume balance confirms the general agreement of traders signaled by the low-volatility usually accompanying this type of trend. The volume action on pauses will often help me decide between aggressively taking profits, tightening a stop or going for a longer-term movement. As for reversals, they generally occur in high-volatility areas where entering trades is more expensive and riskier. While the identification of counter-trend reversals fascinates many traders to no end, they represent poor opportunities in my view. Volume imbalances often precede reversals, but I prefer to use volume delta information to identify the areas following reversals where I can confirm them and make relatively low-cost entries with better odds.
On "Buy/Sell" Volume
Buying or selling volume are misnomers, as every unit of volume transacted is both bought and sold by two different traders. While this does not keep me from using the terms, there is no such thing as “buy only” or “sell only” volume. Trader lingo is riddled with peculiarities.
Divergences
The divergence detection method used here relies on a difference between the direction of a signal and the polarity (up/down) of a chart bar. When using the default "On Bar Balance" to detect divergences, however, only the bar's volume delta is used. You may wonder how there can be divergences between buying/selling volume information and price movement on one bar. This will sometimes be due to the calculation's shortcomings, but divergences may also occur in instances where because of order book structure, it takes less volume to increase the price of an asset than it takes to decrease it. As usual, divergences are points of interest because they reveal imbalances, which may or may not become turning points. To your pattern-hungry brain, the divergences displayed by this indicator will — as they do on other indicators — appear to often indicate turnarounds. My opinion is that reality is generally quite sobering and I have no reliable information that would tend to prove otherwise. Exercise caution when using them. Consequently, I do not share the overwhelming enthusiasm of traders in identifying bullish/bearish divergences. For me, the best course of action when a divergence occurs is to wait and see what happens from there. That is the rationale underlying how my divergence levels work; they take note of a signal's level when a divergence occurs, and it's the signal's behavior from that point on that determines if the post-divergence action is bullish/bearish.
Superfluity
In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . This indicator can display lots of information. While learning to use a new indicator inevitably requires an adaptation period where we put it through its paces and try out all its options, once you have become used to it and decide to adopt it, rigorously eliminate the components you don't use and configure the remaining ones so their visual prominence reflects their relative importance in your analysis. I tried to provide flexible options for traders to control this indicator's visuals for that exact reason — not for window dressing.
█ LIMITATIONS
• This script uses a special characteristic of the `security()` function allowing the inspection of intrabars — which is not officially supported by TradingView.
It has the advantage of permitting a more robust calculation of volume delta than other methods on historical bars, but also has its limits.
• Intrabar inspection only works on some chart timeframes: 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 hours, 1 day, 1 week and 1 month.
The script’s code can be modified to run on other resolutions.
• When the difference between the chart’s timeframe and the intrabar timeframe is too great, runtime errors will occur. The Auto-Steps selection mechanisms should avoid this.
• All volume is not created equally. Its source, components, quality and reliability will vary considerably with sectors and instruments.
The higher the quality, the more reliably volume delta information can be used to guide your decisions.
You should make it your responsibility to understand the volume information provided in the data feeds you use. It will help you make the most of volume delta.
█ NOTES
For traders
• The Data Window shows key values for the indicator.
• While this indicator displays some of the same information calculated in my Delta Volume Columns ,
I have elected to make it a separate publication so that traders continue to have a simpler alternative available to them. Both code bases will continue to evolve separately.
• All gradients used in this indicator determine their brightness intensities using advances/declines in the signal—not their relative position in a pre-determined scale.
• Volume delta being relative, by nature, it is particularly well-suited to Forex markets, as it filters out quite elegantly the cyclical volume data characterizing the sector.
If you are interested in volume delta, consider having a look at my other "Delta Volume" indicators:
• Delta Volume Realtime Action displays realtime volume delta and tick information on the chart.
• Delta Volume Candles builds volume delta candles on the chart.
• Delta Volume Columns is a simpler version of this indicator.
For coders
• I use the `f_c_gradientRelativePro()` from the PineCoders Color Gradient Framework to build my gradients.
This function has the advantage of allowing begin/end colors for both the bull and bear colors. It also allows us to define the number of steps allowed for each gradient.
I use this to modulate the gradients so they perform optimally on the combination of the signal used to calculate advances/declines,
but also the nature of the visual component the gradient applies to. I use fewer steps for choppy signals and when the gradient is used on discrete visual components
such as volume columns or chart bars.
• I use the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine to write my scripts.
• I used functions modified from the PineCoders MTF Selection Framework for the selection of timeframes.
█ THANKS TO:
— The devs from TradingView's Pine and other teams, and the PineCoders who collaborate with them. They are doing amazing work,
and much of what this indicator does could not be done without their recent improvements to Pine.
— A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator using a `for` loop.
This indicator started from the intrabar inspection technique illustrated in Kuan's snippet.
— theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of `security()`’s behavior at intrabar timeframes.
— midtownsk8rguy , my brilliant companion in mining the depths of Pine graphics.
