Session Prep (RTH only, UTC-4)corrected Session Prep (RTH only, UTC-4) now its working properly. hope it helps! :)
Tìm kiếm tập lệnh với "session"
Session LiquidityDescribes if markets are liquid enough for institutions to manipulate. Its often difficult to determine if markets will trend or chop, but by looking at how much volume we have at the open, we can determine of the session will be choppy or trendy, and take trades based on that.
Settings predefined for 1m timeframe on SPY. May work with other tickers, but I have not tested it out yet.
Designed for stocks(as of now, may update later)
Session High Low TimestampDescription: Displays the timestamp of the session's high/low. Useful for finding a pattern to day dips/spikes.
Note: Most useful for ETH (extended hours timeframe)
Central Session Time LinesSession Breaks for Central Time Zone
1. Asian
2. London
3. New York
4. Frankfurt
5. Pre New York
6. Australian
Regime & Session Watch for Price Action Traders [RCOHelpline]❗ This is NOT a signal indicator
This tool does not tell you where to buy or sell.
It tells you WHEN NOT TO TRADE and WHAT TYPE OF PRICE ACTION is allowed.
If you trade Gold using Price Action, SMC, ICT, or Scalping, this indicator acts as a context filter above your execution timeframe.
🧠 What This Indicator Solves
Most traders lose not because of bad entries —
but because they trade against context:
Trading inside mid-range
Chasing late trends
Trading during NY open stop-runs
Forcing scalps during compression or chaos
This indicator prevents exactly that.
⚙️ Dual Engine Logic (Professional Design)
🔹 Engine 1 — Regime / Veto Engine (User-Selectable TF)
You choose the context timeframe (15m / 30m / 60m).
The engine classifies the market into 6 regimes based on pure price action:
Regime Meaning
TREND (Healthy) Continuation only
TREND (Late) No chasing
RANGE (Flat) Mid-range forbidden
COMPRESSION Fake breakouts likely
CHAOS Stop-run / News behavior
TRANSITION Wait for structure
The panel updates only when that timeframe candle closes.
🔹 Engine 2 — Session Watch Windows (Real-Time)
This engine watches live session behavior, independent of candles.
Pre-configured windows for:
Tokyo
London
New York (H1 / H2)
Especially important for Gold:
NY First Hour = NO TRADE (data build / stop-run)
NY Second Hour = Reaction only (SMC / PA refinement)
The panel updates when a watch window starts or ends.
🚫 Trade Protection Logic
The indicator enforces professional restrictions:
❌ No trading in chaos
❌ No mid-range scalping
❌ No chasing late trends
❌ No trading during NY no-trade window
⚠️ Optional hard veto during any watch window
You always know:
“Is trading allowed right now — and if yes, HOW?”
📊 Panel Output (What You See)
The table shows:
Regime (higher timeframe context)
Current global session
Active watch window (if any)
Forbidden actions
What to wait for on lower TF
Final status: ALLOW / VETO
Clean. Minimal. Actionable.
🔔 Alert Meanings (Very Important)
Every alert has a clear semantic meaning:
Regime Alerts
TREND (Healthy) → Continuation only (no countertrend)
TREND (Late) → Pullback or sweep required
RANGE → Trade edges only, no mid-range
COMPRESSION → Wait sweep + displacement
CHAOS → No trading allowed
TRANSITION → Wait for BOS + retest
Session Alerts
TOKYO / LONDON Watch → Liquidity probes & traps
NY H1 → Observe only (stop-runs)
NY H2 → Reaction trades only
WATCH UPDATE → A critical time window started or ended
🎯 How to Use (Recommended)
Use this indicator on any chart timeframe
Execute trades on 1m / 45s / lower
Only trade setups that match the current context
Ignore signals when panel says VETO
This is how professional discretionary traders survive Gold.
⚠️ Disclaimer
This tool does not predict price.
It protects you from bad timing.
Use it as a context layer, not a signal generator.
Trading Sessions with Highs and LowsTrading Sessions with Highs and Lows is designed to visually highlight specific trading sessions on the chart, providing traders with key insights into market behavior during these time periods. Here’s a detailed explanation of how the indicator works:
Key Features
1. Session Boxes:
• The indicator plots colored boxes on the chart to represent the price range of defined trading sessions.
• Each box spans the session’s start and end times and encapsulates the high and low prices during that period.
• Two trading sessions are defined by default:
• USA Trading Session: 9:30 AM - 4:00 PM (New York Time).
• UK Trading Session: 8:00 AM - 4:30 PM (London Time).
2. Session Labels:
• The name of the session (e.g., “USA” or “UK”) is displayed above the session box for clear identification.
3. High and Low Markers:
• Markers are added to the chart at the session’s high and low points:
• High Marker: A green label indicating the session high.
• Low Marker: A red label indicating the session low.
4. Dynamic Reset:
• After the session ends, the session high and low values are reset to na to prepare for the next trading day.
5. Customizable Background Colors:
• Each session’s box has a distinct, semi-transparent background color for better visual separation.
How It Works
1. Core Functionality:
• A function, plot_box, takes the session name, start time, end time, and background color as input.
• It calculates whether the current time is within the session.
• During the session:
• It tracks the session’s highest and lowest prices.
• It identifies the bars where the high and low occurred.
• At the session’s end:
• It plots a box on the chart covering the session’s time and price range.
• Labels are created for the session name and its high/low points.
2. Session Timing:
• Timestamps for the USA and UK trading sessions are calculated using the timestamp function with respective time zones.
3. Visual Elements:
• The box.new function draws the session boxes on the chart.
• The label.new function creates session name and high/low labels.
Usage
• Overlay Mode: The indicator is applied directly on the price chart (overlay=true), making it easy to visualize session-specific price behavior.
• Trading Strategy:
• Identify session-specific support and resistance levels.
• Observe price action trends during key trading periods.
• Align trading decisions with session dynamics.
Customization
While the indicator is preset for the USA and UK trading sessions, it can be easily modified:
1. Add/Remove Sessions: Define additional sessions by providing their start and end times.
2. Change Colors: Update the background_color in the plot_box calls to use different colors for sessions.
3. Adjust Time Zones: Replace the current time zones with others relevant to your trading style.
Visualization Example
• USA Session:
• Time: 9:30 AM - 4:00 PM (New York Time).
• Box Color: Semi-transparent orange.
• UK Session:
• Time: 8:00 AM - 4:30 PM (London Time).
• Box Color: Semi-transparent green.
Why Use This Indicator?
1. Market Awareness: Easily spot price behavior during high-liquidity trading periods.
2. Trend Analysis: Analyze how sessions overlap or affect each other.
3. Session Boundaries: Use session high/low levels as dynamic support and resistance zones.
This indicator is an essential tool for intraday and swing traders who want to align their strategies with key market timings.
[AlbaTherium] Sessional & Daily's liquidities - Beta Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta: Harnessing the Power of the Institutional Funding Candle (IFC) in Trading
Introduction:
The Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator places the Institutional Funding Candle (IFC) at its core. Within the realm of trading, the IFC stands as a key signal for identifying Points of Interest (POIs) , offering traders invaluable insights into market dynamics. This document aims to illuminate the central role of the IFC within the Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator, explaining how it can be effectively utilized to spot significant changes in the market and seize trading opportunities.
Chapter 1: Sessional Liquidity concepts
The forex market can be broken up into four major trading sessions: the Sydney session, the Tokyo session, the London session, and Trump’s favorite time to tweet (before he was banned), the New York session.
Historically, the forex market has three peak trading sessions. Traders often focus on one of the three trading periods, rather than attempt to trade the markets 24 hours per day. This is known as the “forex 3-session system“. These sessions consist of the Asian, European, and North American sessions, which are also called Tokyo, London, and New York sessions.
For that reason, a lot of trader put their stoploss right at the High or Low of their session, filling these price levels with liquidities. The market loves liquidities, they are like the “fuel” of the market. Price usually goes to these levels, takes out all the liquidities, and then returns to its original direction. This price behaviour indicates the presence of players – banks, institutions,... – driving the market to their own profit.
The same logic applies with Daily, Weekly and Monthly high/low levels.
Chapter 2: Deciphering the Institutional Funding Candle
2.1 Unveiling the Essence of the Institutional Funding Candle (IFC)
- IFC concept is the core of this indicator. It is recommended to use this indicator on high timeframes, like 1H or 4H charts, as those are the timeframes which big players look at.
- The presence of IFC candles means a significant amount of stop loss is triggered, and price have a tendency to reverse.
2.2 Criteria for IFC Identification
The definition of specific conditions that characterize an IFC within the Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator:
- A breach of Previous day, Previous week, or Previous month’s High or Low levels or a breach of major Session Highs or Lows.
- Price made an immediate reverse, creating a decent distance from the wicks.
Chapter 2: Trading Strategies with the IFC
User should treat these signals with cautions, and only take trades with multi confluences.
This pictures below demonstrate a strategy to trade with this indicator, taking 1H HTF trend and 5m LTF ChoCh and Single Candle Order Block as confluences.
Conclusion:
The Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator, centered around the Institutional Funding Candle (IFC), stands as a potent tool for traders, offering them the means to spot critical inflection points in the market. By understanding the role of the IFC in violating significant swing highs or lows and major session highs or lows, traders can make informed decisions and seize opportunities within the ever-evolving realm of financial markets. It's crucial to note that while IFC candle colors can provide insights, they do not unilaterally dictate market direction. Furthermore, candle closure can be a valuable consideration in specific situations, particularly when evaluating other High Time Frame POIs.
The real-world examples presented in this document within the Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator offer a tangible insight into the world of IFC trading. Harness the potential of the Institutional Funding Candle within the Sessional & Daily Liquidities - Beta indicator to elevate your trading strategies and make well-informed decisions in the dynamic landscape of financial markets.
Market Sessions - by Alexander RottasMarket Sessions - Alexander Rottas
This TradingView indicator displays market sessions for USA, EUROPE, and ASIA on your chart. It provides a clear and intuitive way to identify the active market periods, making it easier to plan your trades.
Features:
Session Display: Optionally show market sessions for USA, EUROPE, and ASIA.
Customizable Timings: Set start and end times in UTC for each market session.
Visual Indicators: Color-coded squares indicate active sessions and their combinations:
USA Session: Blue
EUROPE Session: Purple
ASIA Session: Dull Orange
Combined Sessions: Lighter shades to show overlapping sessions
Session Labels: Dynamic labels at the start of each session to easily identify session beginnings on weekdays.
User-Friendly Design: This indicator is designed to be non-intrusive and easy to use, with a simple setup and clear visual cues. Unlike other complex tools, it integrates seamlessly into your chart without overwhelming your view, making it an ideal choice for traders seeking a straightforward way to track market sessions.
DISCLAIMER: This script is provided for educational purposes only. It cannot be used for commercial purposes or plagiarized. All rights reserved by the author. Unauthorized use or distribution of this script is prohibited. For more details, please contact the author directly.
ICT Session by LasinsName: ICT Session by Lasins
Purpose: To visually identify and differentiate between the Asian, London, and New York trading sessions on the chart.
Features:
Highlights the background of the chart during each session.
Includes a mini dashboard in the top-right corner to show the active session.
Allows customization of time zones (exchange timezone or UTC).
Displays copyright and author information.
Key Components
Inputs:
useExchangeTimezone: A boolean input to toggle between using the exchange timezone or UTC for session times.
showDashboard: A boolean input to toggle the visibility of the mini dashboard.
Session Times:
The script defines three trading sessions:
Asian Session: 2000-0000 UTC (or adjusted for exchange timezone).
London Session: 0200-0500 UTC (or adjusted for exchange timezone).
New York Session: 0700-1000 UTC (or adjusted for exchange timezone).
Session Detection:
The is_session function checks if the current time falls within a specified session using the time function.
Background Coloring:
The bgcolor function is used to highlight the chart background during each session:
Asian Session: Red background.
London Session: Green background.
New York Session: Blue background.
Mini Dashboard:
A table is created in the top-right corner of the chart to display the active session and its corresponding color.
The dashboard includes:
A header row with "Session" and "Color".
Rows for each session (Asian, London, New York) with their respective colors.
Copyright and Author Information:
A label is added to the chart to display the copyright and author information ("© ICT Session by Lasins Raj").
How It Works
The script checks the current time and compares it to the predefined session times.
If the current time falls within a session, the chart background is highlighted with the corresponding color.
The mini dashboard updates to reflect the active session.
The copyright and author information is displayed at the bottom of the chart.
Customization
You can adjust the session times in the script to match your preferred timezone or trading hours.
The useExchangeTimezone input allows you to switch between UTC and the exchange timezone.
The showDashboard input lets you toggle the visibility of the mini dashboard.
Example Use Case
Traders who follow the ICT (Inner Circle Trader) methodology can use this indicator to identify key trading sessions and plan their trades accordingly.
The visual representation of sessions helps traders quickly recognize when major markets are open and active.
Manipulation Model [FB]GENERAL OVERVIEW:
The Manipulation Model indicator is a complete rule-based system that identifies and confirms setups from the Funded Brothers Manipulation Model. It detects large impulsive candles, called Manipulation Candles and Almost Manipulation Candles, that form around key market levels such as session highs/lows, daily, weekly, and monthly levels, or higher timeframe Fair Value Gaps (FVGs). Using this structure, the indicator automatically marks long, short, bulltrap, and beartrap setups with predefined entry, stop loss, and take profit areas.
This indicator was developed by Flux Charts in collaboration with the Funded Brothers.
ATTRIBUTION NOTICE:
This indicator incorporates concepts and source code from the indicator “MCs with Alerts” authored by @hamza_xau on TradingView. We have received full written permission from the original author to use and commercialize this code within this invite-only script.
Original script: MCs with Alerts:
What is the purpose of the indicator?:
The indicator automates detection of the Manipulation Model trading strategy setups by combining candle structure, key levels, session timing, and higher timeframe Fair Value Gaps. It removes discretion by enforcing fixed conditions for valid signals and automatically managing entry, stop-loss, and take-profit logic.
What is the theory behind the indicator?:
The indicator is built on how price interacts with major reference points such as session highs and lows, or daily and weekly levels. These levels are commonly referenced in technical analysis as areas where price previously reversed or consolidated. Manipulation Candles identify moments when price breaks past these reference points on both sides of the prior candle before closing firmly in one direction. When these candles form near higher timeframe Fair Value Gaps, it reflects price reacting inside an area that previously showed directional imbalance. The higher timeframe EMA filter aligns all detected setups with the broader market trend, allowing only signals that match the dominant direction.
MANIPULATION MODEL FEATURES:
Manipulation Candlesticks
Almost Manipulation Candlesticks
Higher Timeframe Fair Value Gaps
Sessions
Key Levels
Signals
Dashboard
Alerts
MANIPULATION CANDLESTICKS:
Manipulation Candlesticks (MCs) are candles that sweep both sides of the previous candle’s range and close outside of it. In the Manipulation Model indicator, these candles form the foundation for the long/short setups. Once one forms, the indicator checks its position relative to sessions, key levels, and higher timeframe Fair Value Gaps to determine if a valid setup exists.
🔹What is a Manipulation Candlestick?
A Manipulation Candlestick (MC) is defined by structure rather than size. It forms when price takes out both the high and low of the previous candle, then closes outside that range.
A bullish Manipulation Candle occurs when price sweeps below the previous candle’s low and then closes above the previous candle’s high.
A bearish Manipulation Candle occurs when price sweeps above the previous candle’s high and then closes below the previous candle’s low.
🔹How to interpret and use Manipulation Candlesticks:
Manipulation Candlesticks show where price made a strong one-sided move after taking both sides of the previous candle’s range. When one forms, it marks an area where buyers or sellers were likely trapped as price moved aggressively in one direction.
A bullish MC shows strong buying after a false move lower. Price sweeps below the prior low, takes out the prior high, and closes above the previous range, confirming buyers are in control.
A bearish MC shows strong selling after a false move higher than the previous candle’s high. Price sweeps above the prior high, drops below the prior low, and closes beneath the previous range, confirming sellers are dominant.
🔹How Manipulation Candlesticks are identified:
The indicator confirms Manipulation Candles using three filters once a candle closes:
Sweep Condition:
Price must take both sides of the previous candle’s range, moving above its high and below its low, before closing outside that range.
Directional Close:
A bullish MC must close above the previous high, and a bearish MC must close below the previous low.
Wick Confirmation:
A bullish MC must have a smaller upper wick (high - close) than lower wick (open - low), and a bearish MC must have a smaller lower wick (close - low) than upper wick (high - open).
Once these conditions are met at candle close, it is confirmed as a bullish or bearish Manipulation Candle.
🔹Bullish Manipulation Candle
A bullish Manipulation Candle forms when price sweeps below the previous candle’s low, then breaks above its high, and closes above it. The lower wick must be larger than the upper wick, showing little pullback as price pushed upward and confirming strong buying pressure.
🔹Bearish Manipulation Candle
A bearish Manipulation Candle forms when price sweeps above the previous candle’s high, then drops below its low, and closes beneath it. The upper wick must be larger than the lower wick, showing little pullback as price moved downward and confirming strong selling pressure.
🔹Manipulation Candle Visuals
When the indicator detects a Manipulation Candle, it automatically changes the candle’s color on the chart. Both bullish and bearish Manipulation Candles use the same color. Users can change this color in the settings by adjusting the “Manipulation Candlestick” option found under the “Style Customization” section.
The candle coloring feature can also be turned off entirely, which only removes the visual highlight from the chart and does not affect the signals or any of the indicator’s underlying logic that uses Manipulation Candlesticks.
ALMOST MANIPULATION CANDLESTICKS:
Almost Manipulation Candlesticks (AMCs) are similar to Manipulation Candles, except they close inside the previous candle’s range instead of outside it. In the Manipulation Model indicator, these candles help identify when price is showing the same sweeping behavior but hasn’t yet confirmed full displacement. They act as early warnings that a manipulation event may be developing. Just like Manipulation Candles, the indicator checks an AMC’s position relative to sessions, key levels, and higher timeframe Fair Value Gaps to determine if a valid setup exists.
🔹What is an Almost Manipulation Candlestick?
An Almost Manipulation Candlestick (AMC) forms when price sweeps both the high and low of the previous candle and closes inside that candle’s range.
A bullish AMC occurs when price sweeps below the previous low, moves above the previous high, and closes within the previous candle’s body instead of above it.
A bearish AMC occurs when price sweeps above the previous high, drops below the previous low, and closes within the previous candle’s body instead of beneath it.
🔹How to Interpret and Use Almost Manipulation Candlesticks:
Almost Manipulation Candles highlight hesitation or early signs of manipulation.
A bullish AMC indicates buyers pushed price up after sweeping lower, but price did not close decisively above the prior high.
A bearish AMC indicates sellers pushed price down after sweeping higher, but price did not close decisively below the prior low.
🔹How Almost Manipulation Candlesticks are identified:
The indicator confirms Almost Manipulation Candles using the same sweep and wick logic as Manipulation Candles, except the candle’s close must remain inside the previous candle’s range:
Sweep Condition:
Price must take both sides of the previous candle’s range, moving above its high and below its low.
Candle Close Location:
The candle’s close must stay within the prior candle’s range.
Wick Confirmation:
For a bullish AMC, the lower wick must be larger than the upper wick. For a bearish AMC, the upper wick must be larger than the lower wick.
Once these conditions are met at candle close, it is confirmed as a bullish or bearish Almost Manipulation Candle.
🔹Bullish Almost Manipulation Candle
A bullish AMC forms when price sweeps below the previous candle’s low, moves above the prior candle’s high, and closes back inside the previous candle’s range. The lower wick must be larger than the upper wick, showing that buyers defended lower prices but the move did not close decisively upward.
🔹Bearish Almost Manipulation Candle
A bearish AMC forms when price sweeps above the previous candle’s high, drops below the previous candle’s low, and closes back inside the previous candle’s range. The upper wick must be larger than the lower wick, showing that sellers rejected higher prices but the candle did not close decisively lower.
🔹Almost Manipulation Candle Visuals
When the indicator detects an Almost Manipulation Candle, it automatically changes the candle’s color on the chart. Both bullish and bearish Almost Manipulation Candles use the same color. Users can change this color in the settings by adjusting the “Almost Manipulation Candlestick” option found under the “Style Customization” section.
The candle coloring feature can also be turned off entirely, which only removes the visual highlight from the chart and does not affect the signals or any of the indicator’s underlying logic that uses Almost Manipulation Candlesticks.
HIGHER TIMEFRAME FAIR VALUE GAPS:
The Manipulation Model indicator automatically plots Fair Value Gaps from two user-selected higher timeframes.
🔹What is a Fair Value Gap?:
A Fair Value Gap (FVG) is an area where the market’s perception of fair value suddenly changes. On your chart, it appears as a three-candle pattern: a large candle in the middle, with smaller candles on each side that don’t fully overlap it. A bullish FVG forms when a bullish candle is between two smaller bullish/bearish candles, where the first and third candles’ wicks don’t overlap each other at all. A bearish FVG forms when a bearish candle is between two smaller bullish/bearish candles, where the first and third candles’ wicks don’t overlap each other at all.
Bullish & Bearish FVGs:
🔹Why are Fair Value Gaps important?:
Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) show where price moved so quickly that one side of the market never got a chance to trade. They represent sudden shifts in what traders believe something is worth, where “fair value” changed. When a large candle drives straight through an area without overlap from the candles before and after it, it means buyers or sellers were so aggressive that the market skipped that price zone entirely.
These gaps matter because they mark the moment when confidence in price changes. If price rallies and never pulls back, it signals that traders accept the new higher prices as fair and are willing to keep buying there. The same logic applies in reverse for bearish gaps. They tell you where the market re-priced aggressively and where value was last accepted.
🔹How are Fair Value Gaps used?:
Higher Timeframe FVGs are used as a confluence for all setups within the Manipulation Model indicator. The indicator automatically detects and plots these imbalances from the chosen higher timeframe onto the current chart. When a Manipulation or Almost Manipulation Candle forms near or inside a higher timeframe Fair Value Gap, it adds context to the setup. They are not trade signals by themselves but act as a supporting element that contextualizes setups.
🔹When are Higher Timeframe Fair Value Gaps mitigated?
A Higher Timeframe Fair Value Gap is considered mitigated when the selected higher timeframe closes above the gap for a bearish FVG or below the gap for a bullish FVG.
🔹Higher Timeframe FVG Settings:
Timeframe 1 / Timeframe 2:
Select up to two higher timeframes to use for Fair Value Gaps. Disabling either one removes it visually from the chart but does not affect signal generation. However, the timeframes you select will be used for signal generation logic.
For example, if you select the 1-hour and 4-hour timeframes, then the 1-hour and 4-hour FVGs will be used for signal generation logic, which is explained in the signals section below.
Combine Zones:
When enabled, overlapping FVGs on the same higher timeframe are merged into a single zone. This keeps the chart clean and prevents duplicate zones from displaying.
Midline:
Adds a center line through each higher timeframe FVG.
Labels:
Displays a “ FVG” label beside each zone. This helps users see which timeframe the FVG is detected from.
Color Customization:
Each timeframe has separate color settings for bullish and bearish FVGs. Users can adjust these colors independently for both timeframes to fit their chart layout.
FVG Display Limit:
Controls how many higher timeframe FVGs are shown at once. Only the nearest X active gaps to current price will appear, helping maintain a clear view of relevant imbalances.
SESSIONS:
The Manipulation Model indicator includes six customizable trading sessions: Asia, London, NY AM, NYSE, London Close, and NY PM. All session times and visuals are fully user-configurable. Each session has adjustable start and end times that can be set to match your preferred schedule. Users can also customize visuals for each session, including the color, opacity, and visibility of session zones.
Session highs and lows are automatically tracked and used within the indicator’s signal logic. When a Manipulation or Almost Manipulation Candle forms near a session high or low, it is recognized within the indicator’s signal detection.
Default times used for each session (in EST):
Asia: 20:00 - 00:00
London: 02:00 - 05:00
NY AM: 08:00 - 09:30
NYSE: 09:30 - 10:00
London Close: 10:00 - 11:00
NY PM: 11:00 - 14:00
🔹Session Settings:
Session Boxes:
Each session has a box that outlines its active time window. These boxes can be toggled on or off independently. When active, they visually separate each part of the trading day. Users can adjust the color and opacity of each session box.
Session Highs/Lows:
Every session can display its own high and low as horizontal lines. Users can customize the line style for session highs/lows, choosing between solid, dashed, or dotted. The color of the lines will match the same color used for the session box.
Labels and Price Display:
Labels can be toggled on for all session highs and lows. Users can adjust label color, text size, and choose whether to show the price next to the label. Users can adjust the text size, choosing between tiny, small, normal, large, and huge.
Extend Levels:
When enabled, each session’s high and low levels can be extended forward by a set number of bars.
Session Titles:
Titles for each enabled session (e.g., “Asia,” “London,” “NY AM”) can be displayed directly on the chart.
Show Last:
The “Show Last” setting allows you to choose how many recent sessions of each type appear on the chart. For example, if you only have the Asia session enabled and have this setting set to 2, the recent two Asia sessions will be displayed.
🔹Sessions Used
Under the “Sessions Used” section in the settings, users can choose which sessions are active for signal generation. Only sessions enabled here will produce signals. For example, if you want setups to form only during the London session, turn off all other sessions in this section.
Disabling a session under the main Sessions section only hides its visuals (boxes, lines, or labels). It does not impact signal detection or logic. However, changing a session’s start and end time in either section will affect signals, since signals are tied to the exact session windows defined by the user. This distinction ensures you have full control over what’s displayed visually versus what contributes to active trade signal logic.
Please Note: Signals are only detected and plotted on your chart during sessions. Signals can not be detected outside of session time windows.
KEY LEVELS:
The Manipulation Model indicator includes 10 key market levels that outline important structural price areas across daily, weekly, and monthly timeframes. These levels include the Daily Open, Previous Day High/Low, Weekly Open, Previous Week High/Low, Monthly Open, Previous Month High/Low, and Midnight Open. The levels can be enabled or disabled and customized in color and line style. These levels are used for the indicator’s signal logic.
🔹Daily Open
The Daily Open marks where the current trading day began.
🔹Previous Day High/Low
The Previous Day High (PDH) marks the highest price reached during the previous regular trading session. It shows where buyers pushed price to its highest point before the market closed. This value is automatically pulled from the daily chart and projected forward onto intraday timeframes.
The Previous Day Low (PDL) marks the lowest price reached during the previous regular trading session. It shows where selling pressure reached its lowest point before buyers stepped in. Like the PDH, this level is retrieved from the prior day’s data and extended into the current session.
🔹Weekly Open
The Weekly Open marks the first price of the current trading week.
🔹Previous Week High/Low
The Previous Week High (PWH) marks the highest price reached during the previous trading week. It shows where buying pressure reached its peak before the weekly close. This value is automatically pulled from the weekly chart and extended forward into the current week for easy reference on intraday timeframes.
The Previous Week Low (PWL) marks the lowest price reached during the previous trading week. It shows where sellers pushed price to its lowest point before buyers regained control. Like the PWH, this level is sourced from the prior week’s data and projected onto the current week’s chart.
🔹Monthly Open
The Monthly Open marks the opening price of the current month.
🔹Previous Month High/Low
The Previous Month High (PMH) marks the highest price reached during the previous calendar month. It represents the point at which buyers achieved the strongest push before the monthly close. This level is automatically retrieved from the monthly chart and extended into the new month on all lower timeframes.
The Previous Month Low (PML) marks the lowest price reached during the previous calendar month. It shows where selling pressure was strongest before buyers stepped back in. Like the PMH, this value is pulled from the prior month’s data and extended into the new month on all lower timeframes.
🔹Midnight Open
The Midnight Open marks the first price of the trading day at 00:00 EST.
🔹Customization Options:
Users can fully customize the appearance of all key levels, including the following:
Daily Levels: Daily Open, PDH, and PDL
Weekly Levels: Weekly Open, PWH, and PWL
Monthly Levels: Monthly Open, PMH, and PML
Midnight Open
Color Settings:
Each group of levels (Daily, Weekly, Monthly) shares a single color for the Open, High, and Low lines. For example, the Daily Open, PDH, and PDL all use the same color. Colors can be changed for each group, but not for individual levels within the same group.
Line Style:
Users can select a global line style, choosing between solid, dashed, or dotted, for all Daily, Weekly, and Monthly levels. This style applies to all levels within those groups. For example, the Weekly Open, PWH, and PWL must all share the same line style.
The Midnight Open has its own independent line style setting and can use a different style from the other key levels.
Show Labels:
When enabled, text labels appear to the right of each key level. Users can adjust label color, but only one label color is applied to all levels for consistency.
🔹Key Levels Used:
Under the “Key Levels Used” section, users can choose which Key Levels and Session Levels (Session Highs/Lows) are factored into signal generation. Only levels enabled here are considered within the logic that confirms setups.
Users can choose between the following levels:
Daily Open
Previous Day High/Low
Weekly Open
Previous Week High/Low
Monthly Open
Previous Month High/Low
Asia Session High/Low
London Session High/Low
NY AM Session High/Low
NY Lunch Session High/Low
NY PM Session High/Low
London Close Session High/Low
Midnight Open
For example, if you only want to see setups that form using the Daily and Weekly levels, you should only enable the Daily Open, Previous Day High/Low, Weekly Open, and Previous Week High/Low.
Disabling a level in the main “Key Levels” section only hides its visuals, while disabling it in “Key Levels Used” removes it entirely from the signal logic. Adjusting or removing any level in this section directly affects how setups are detected since the indicator references these levels when confirming Long, Short, Bulltrap, and Beartrap setups.
SIGNALS:
The Manipulation Model indicator automatically identifies Long, Short, Bulltrap, and Beartrap setups based on the interaction between Manipulation Candles (MCs), Almost Manipulation Candles (AMCs), and two main entry conditions: Key Levels and Fair Value Gaps (FVGs).
Each signal type uses the structure of a Manipulation or Almost Manipulation Candle as its foundation. When one of these candles forms and aligns with the entry conditions, the indicator automatically plots labels for an entry, stop loss (SL), and take profit (TP). Every signal follows a mechanical set of rules and is marked in real time. Once confirmed on a candle close, the signal remains fixed on the chart and does not repaint.
🔹Higher Timeframe Bias Filter
Before a signal is generated, the indicator automatically determines directional bias using the 50-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA) on the 1-hour timeframe.
If price is above the 50 EMA, only bullish setups are allowed.
If price is below the 50 EMA, only bearish setups are allowed.
🔹Stop Loss and Take Profit Logic:
For every setup, the stop loss is placed at the low of the Manipulation or Almost Manipulation Candle for bullish setups, and at the high for bearish setups. The take profit is automatically calculated at a 1:1 risk-to-reward ratio relative to that distance.
Users can adjust both the SL Multiplier and TP Multiplier in the settings, under the “General Configuration” section, to extend or contract these levels. For example, increasing the TP Multiplier to 1.5 sets the take profit at 1.5x the distance between the entry and stop loss.
🔹Signal Input Settings:
Candle Type:
Choose which candle type is used to generate signals. Options include:
Manipulation Candle (MC) only
Almost Manipulation Candle (AMC) only
Both (signals are generated from either candle type)
Entry Method:
Determines whether signals are generated based on:
Key Levels only
Fair Value Gaps only
Both (signals are generated from Key Levels AND Fair Value Gaps)
Setup Types:
You can enable or disable specific setup types. Only the selected setup types will appear on your chart:
Long Setups
Short Setups
Bulltrap Setups
Beartrap Setups
🔹Long Setup – Manipulation Candle + Key Level:
A long setup forms when a bullish Manipulation Candle touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section and closes above it during a toggled-on session from the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bullish Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, based on TP multiplier
In this example, a bullish MC touches the PDH during the London Session and closes above the level:
🔹Short Setup – Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A short setup forms when a bearish Manipulation Candle touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section and closes below it during a toggled-on session from the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bearish Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, based on the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish MC touches the Daily Open during the NY AM Session and closes below the level:
🔹Trap Confirmation Settings
Two settings control how bulltrap and beartrap setups are confirmed once a Manipulation or Almost Manipulation Candle forms.
Candles Between Confirmation:
This setting defines the maximum number of candles allowed between the initial Manipulation Candle and the confirmation candle that closes back in the opposite direction.
For example, if this value is set to 2, the confirmation candle must appear within two bars of the Manipulation Candle for the setup to remain valid. If too many candles form in between, the bull/bear trap setup is ignored.
Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio:
This input measures the ratio of the confirmation candle’s wick size to its body size for bulltrap and beartrap setups. Lower values require a larger body compared to the wick, meaning the confirmation candle must close more decisively. If the ratio is above the threshold set by the user, the confirmation candle for a bulltrap/beartrap setup is considered valid.
For example, if the wick is 10 points and the body is 10 points, the ratio is 1.0 (10 / 10). If the wick is 10 points and the body is 20 points, the ratio is 0.5 (10 / 20).
🔹Beartrap Setup – Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A beartrap setup forms when a bearish Manipulation Candle touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section. The candle does not need to close above or below the level, it only needs to touch it. After this bearish MC forms, a confirmation candle must close back above the MC’s high during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The sweep or initial touch can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input
Once these conditions are met and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish Manipulation Candle touches the Daily Open level before price reverses and a confirmation candle closes above it. The confirmation candle occurs during the Asia Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks, meeting the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and it forms just two candles after the bearish MC which is within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
🔹Bulltrap Setup – Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A bulltrap setup forms when a bullish Manipulation Candle touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section. The MC does not need to close above or below the level, it only needs to touch it. After this bullish MC forms, a confirmation candle must close back below the MC’s low during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial key level touch from the MC can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish Manipulation Candle touches the Daily Open level before price reverses and a confirmation candle closes below it. The confirmation candle forms during the NY AM Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and it appears two candles after the bullish MC which is within the limit defined by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
🔹Long Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A long setup forms when a bullish Almost Manipulation Candle (AMC) touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section and closes above it during a toggled-on session from the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bullish Almost Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, based on the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish AMC touches the Daily Open during the NYSE Session and closes above the level.
🔹Short Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A short setup forms when a bearish Almost Manipulation Candle (AMC) touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section and closes below it during a toggled-on session from the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bearish Almost Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, based on the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish AMC touches the Midnight Open during the NY AM Session and closes below the level.
🔹Beartrap Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A beartrap setup forms when a bearish Almost Manipulation Candle (AMC) touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section. The candle does not need to close above or below the level, it only needs to touch it. After this bearish AMC forms, a confirmation candle must close back above the AMC’s high during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish AMC touches the Midnight Open before price reverses and a confirmation candle closes above it. The confirmation candle forms during the London Session, has a large body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears seven candles after the bearish AMC which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit (10 by default).
🔹Bulltrap Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Key Level
A bulltrap setup forms when a bullish AMC touches a toggled-on key level under the “Key Levels Used” section. The candle does not need to close above or below the level; it only needs to touch it. After this bullish AMC forms, a confirmation candle must close back below the AMC’s low during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish AMC touches the NY Lunch Session Low before price reverses and a confirmation candle closes below it. The confirmation candle forms during the Asia Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears six candles after the bullish AMC which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit.
🔹Long Setup – Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A long setup forms when a bullish Manipulation Candle touches a bullish higher timeframe Fair Value Gap (FVG) from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Fair Value Gaps” section. The candle must close during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bullish Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish MC taps into a bullish 1-hour FVG during the Asia Session.
🔹Short Setup – Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A short setup forms when a bearish Manipulation Candle touches a bearish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two selected higher timeframe inputs under the “Fair Value Gaps” section. The candle must also close during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bearish Manipulation Candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish MC taps a bearish 1-hour FVG during the Asia Session.
🔹Beartrap Setup – Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A beartrap setup forms when a bearish Manipulation Candle touches a bullish or bearish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Higher Timeframe FVG Settings” section. After the bearish MC forms, price must reverse and a confirmation candle must close above the bearish MC’s high during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch of the FVG can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish MC taps a 1-hour bearish FVG, price reverses, and a confirmation candle closes above the bearish MC’s high. The confirmation candle forms during the London Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears two candles after the bearish MC which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit.
🔹Bulltrap Setup – Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A bulltrap setup forms when a bullish MC touches a bearish or bullish higher timeframeFVG from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Higher Timeframe FVG Settings” section. After the bullish MC forms, price must reverse and a confirmation candle must close below the MC’s low during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch of the FVG can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish MC taps a 4-hour bearish FVG, price reverses, and a confirmation candle closes below the bullish MC’s low. The confirmation candle forms during the NY PM Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears six candles after the bullish MC which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit.
🔹Long Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A long setup forms when a bullish AMC touches a bullish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Fair Value Gaps” section. The candle must close during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bullish AMC
Stop Loss: At the low of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish AMC taps into a bullish 1-hour FVG during the London Session.
🔹Short Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A short setup forms when a bearish AMC touches a bearish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two selected higher timeframe inputs under the “Fair Value Gaps” section. The candle must also close during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. After the candle closes and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the bearish AMC
Stop Loss: At the high of the same candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish AMC taps a bearish 1-hour FVG during the NY PM Session.
🔹Beartrap Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A beartrap setup forms when a bearish AMC touches a bullish or bearish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Higher Timeframe FVG Settings” section. After the bearish AMC forms, price must reverse and a confirmation candle must close above the bearish AMC’s high during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch of the FVG can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is above the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the low of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance above the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bearish AMC taps a 4-hour bearish FVG, price reverses, and a confirmation candle closes above the bearish AMC’s high. The confirmation candle forms during the NY PM Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears seven candles after the bearish AMC, which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit.
🔹Bulltrap Setup – Almost Manipulation Candle + Fair Value Gap
A bulltrap setup forms when a bullish AMC touches a bearish or bullish higher timeframe FVG from one of the two higher timeframe inputs under the “Higher Timeframe FVG Settings” section. After the bullish AMC forms, price must reverse and a confirmation candle must close below the AMC’s low during an enabled session under the “Sessions Used” section. The initial touch of the FVG can occur before or outside the session, but the confirmation candle must close within an active session window.
To confirm the setup, the following conditions must be met:
The confirmation candle must close within the limit set by the Candles Between Confirmation input.
Its wick-to-body ratio must be less than or equal to the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio input.
Once these conditions are met and price is below the 1-hour 50 EMA, the indicator marks:
Entry: At the close of the confirmation candle
Stop Loss: At the high of the confirmation candle
Take Profit: Equal distance below the entry, measured 1:1 from the candle’s body and scaled by the TP Multiplier
In this example, a bullish AMC taps a 1-hour bullish FVG, price reverses, and a confirmation candle closes below the bullish AMC’s low. The confirmation candle forms during the Asia Session, has a strong body with minimal wicks that meet the Trap Wick-to-Body Ratio requirement, and appears six candles after the bullish AMC, which is within the Candles Between Confirmation limit.
🔹Signal Style Customization
The Manipulation Model indicator provides full visual customization for all signal elements, allowing users to easily adjust the appearance of entry, stop loss, and take profit labels.
Label Colors:
Users can customize the label color for Long Setups (Long and Beartrap) and Short Setups (Short and Bulltrap).
Long and Beartrap setups share the same label color.
Short and Bulltrap setups share the same label color.
Label text color can also be customized and applied globally to all signal labels.
Stop Loss (SL) and Take Profit (TP) Labels:
The SL and TP label colors can be customized independently.
Users can toggle SL Labels and TP Labels on or off. When turned off, the corresponding labels are hidden, but their levels remain active on the chart.
Entry, Stop Loss, and Take Profit Lines:
Each of these lines can be individually toggled on or off.
Entry Line: Marks the entry price level.
Stop Loss Line: Displays the SL level derived from each setup’s logic.
Take Profit Line: Displays the TP level calculated using the Take Profit Multiplier setting.
Users can also toggle the labels for each line on or off and adjust the color for each line type independently.
WIN RATE DASHBOARD:
The Win Rate Dashboard gives traders a quick way to see the recent performance of their enabled setups. It automatically calculates and displays win rates for each signal type turned on under the “General Configuration” section, based on the sessions and key levels currently active in the settings.
The dashboard updates in real time, showing both the win rate percentage and total trade count for all enabled signal types combined. It looks back at a set number of bars to calculate results, providing a simple performance snapshot directly on your chart.
How It Works:
When a signal triggers, the indicator tracks whether price first reaches the Take Profit (TP) or Stop Loss (SL) level.
A winning trade is recorded when the take profit is hit before the stop loss.
A losing trade is recorded when the stop loss is hit before the take profit.
The win rate = (Winning Trades / Total Trades) x 100
🔹Dashboard Customization:
Users can adjust the dashboard’s appearance with the following settings:
Background Color
Frame Color
Border Color
Text Color
You can also toggle the dashboard on or off from the settings menu. It appears in the top-right corner of the chart by default and its position cannot be changed.
🔹Disclaimer:
The Win Rate Dashboard provides historical performance data based on the signals and conditions you’ve enabled. These results are calculated from past bars and are not indicative of future performance or profitability.
ALERTS:
The Manipulation Model indicator includes full alert functionality powered by AnyAlert(), allowing users to receive notifications for all major setups and level breaks in real time.
Users can choose exactly which alerts they want to receive under the “Alerts” section of the settings. Once your preferred alerts are toggled on, you can create a TradingView alert using the AnyAlert() condition. This will automatically trigger alerts for all selected events as they occur on your chart.
Available Alerts:
Long Setup
Short Setup
Bulltrap Setup
Beartrap Setup
Manipulation Candle
Almost Manipulation Candle
Previous Day High/Low Break
Current Day Open Break
Previous Week High/Low Break
Current Week Open Break
Previous Month High/Low Break
Current Month Open Break
Asia Session High/Low Break
London Session High/Low Break
NY AM Session High/Low Break
NYSE Session High/Low Break
London Close Session High/Low Break
NY PM Session High/Low Break
Midnight Open Break
To receive alerts:
Open the alert creation window in TradingView
Select “Manipulation Model ” as the condition
Choose AnyAlert() from the dropdown
Create the alert
IMPORTANT NOTES:
TradingView has limitations when running features on multiple timeframes, which can result in the following restriction:
Computation Error:
The computation of using MTF features is very intensive on TradingView. This can sometimes cause calculation timeouts. When this occurs, simply force the recalculation by modifying one indicator’s settings or by removing the indicator and adding it to your chart again.
UNIQUENESS:
The Manipulation Model is unique because every setup type is fully rule-based and tied to strict structural logic. Traders can control exactly how signals form by selecting which candle types are used, which key levels and sessions are active, and whether entries trigger from Key Levels, Fair Value Gaps, or both. All setups use objective rules for confirmation, wick-to-body ratio, and higher timeframe bias. The indicator also provides full customization for visuals, alerts, and trade parameters like TP and SL multipliers. A built-in Win Rate Dashboard tracks real-time performance for all enabled setup types based on the user’s active sessions and signal filters. Together, these features make it a complete, mechanical implementation of the Funded Brothers Manipulation Model and it works across all asset classes including stocks, crypto, forex, and futures.
Dual Session ORB S/R Lines Pro by Yendor_BShort description:
Clean opening-range breakout support/resistance lines for London and US sessions with confirmed breakout labels and alert-ready signals. UTC-based, adjustable start point, customizable styling, minimal clutter.
Detailed description:
What it does:
Captures the Opening Range (default first 15 minutes) for London and New York (US) sessions in UTC, plots the high and low as support/resistance lines, and marks confirmed breakouts when price closes beyond those levels. Lines can begin at either the range end or session start and persist for the configured session length.
Key Features:
ORB defined over the first N minutes after session open (configurable, default 15).
Two sessions: London and US (New York) with separate start times.
High/low support & resistance lines per session:
Selectable start point: Range End or Session Start.
Independently customizable color, width, and style (solid/dashed/dotted) for each high and low.
Confirmed breakout labels: only on the first candle that closes beyond the ORB high or low after the range completes (prior close must be inside).
Alerts and alertconditions for breakout long/short per session, usable in TradingView’s alert dialog.
Fully UTC-based. Works on any timeframe; 1-minute or 5-minute recommended for precision.
Minimal visual clutter; no persistent shaded boxes in this version.
Inputs explained:
ORB Duration (minutes): Length of the opening range used to calculate session high and low.
Session Length (hours): How long the S/R lines remain active (typically full session).
London / US Start (UTC): Session open times in UTC.
Line Start Point: Choose whether the lines begin at the range end or at the session start.
High/Low Styling: Independent color, thickness, and style for each session’s high and low.
Breakout Labels: Toggle one-time confirmed breakout annotations.
Alerts: Enable breakout alert messages.
Example workflows:
Monitor the first 15 minutes of the London session.
After the range, wait for a candle to close beyond the high or low for a confirmed breakout.
Use the label or alert to trigger entry logic (retest, continuation, etc.).
Repeat for the US session; compare overlaps for higher conviction.
Alert setup:
Open the Alerts panel. Choose one of the built-in alertconditions: London Breakout Long, London Breakout Short, US Breakout Long, US Breakout Short. Set frequency to Once Per Bar Close. Customize notification/webhook payload if automating.
Preset suggestions:
Standard London ORB: 15 minute range, lines from range end, green high / lime low.
Standard US ORB: 15 minute range, lines from range end, blue high / aqua low.
Overlap Bias: Both sessions active, lines start from session start, differentiated styles.
Tips & best practices:
Combine with external volume or volatility filters to reduce false breakouts. Use on correlated pairs to observe consistent session structure. Treat broken ORB levels as flipped support/resistance on revisit. Prefer confirmed closes beyond lines rather than wick touches.
Limitations / disclaimer:
Provides structural visualization and breakout signaling; does not guarantee profitability. Always apply proper risk management and confirm with additional context. Backtest settings before live use.
Tags:
#ORB #OpeningRangeBreakout #SessionTrading #LondonSession #NewYorkSession #SupportResistance #Breakout #Intraday #Pinev6 #TradingView #Forex #TrendStructure #Alerts #USD #EURUSD #TradingSignals #UTCBased #PriceAction #MarketStructure #IntradayBreakouts
Multi-Session Opening RangesThe Multi-Session Opening Ranges indicator plots the Opening Range (OR) levels for three major trading sessions: Asia, London, and New York. It displays the high (ORH), low (ORL), and midline of each session's opening range, helping traders identify key price levels for potential breakouts, reversals, or support/resistance zones.
This indicator is highly customizable, allowing users to tailor the appearance and behavior of each session independently.
Features
Multi-Session Support: Visualizes Opening Ranges for Asia, London, and New York sessions, with customizable session times and timezones.
Customizable Lines: Adjust the color, style (solid, dashed, dotted), and width of ORH, ORL, and midline for each session.
Offset Control: Set a custom offset (in bars) for lines and labels to position them away from price action for better visibility.
Fill Customization: Choose the fill color for the area between ORH and ORL for each session.
Historical Data Option: Toggle the display of historical OR levels to focus on current session data or analyze past ranges.
Timezone Flexibility: Select from a wide range of timezones to align session times with your trading needs.
Label Customization: Adjust the size of labels (tiny, small, normal, large, huge) for clarity on any chart.
How It Works
The indicator identifies the high and low prices during the user-defined opening range period for each session (default: 5 minutes). It then draws:
ORH (Opening Range High): The highest price during the session's opening range.
ORL (Opening Range Low): The lowest price during the session's opening range.
Midline: The average of ORH and ORL, plotted as a dashed line by default.
Filled Area: A semi-transparent fill between ORH and ORL to highlight the range.
Lines and labels extend until the start of the next session or can be offset by a user-specified number of bars for better chart readability. The indicator supports historical data display for analyzing past session ranges.
Inputs
Display:
Show Historical Data: Enable/disable historical OR levels.
Timezone: Select the timezone for session calculations (e.g., UTC-4, UTC+1, etc.).
Asia/London/New York Sessions:
Show Session: Enable/disable the session.
Session Time: Define the start and end time for the opening range (e.g., "0930-0935:1234567" for 9:30–9:35 AM, all days).
Asia/London/New York Style:
ORH/ORL/Midline Color: Set the color for each line.
ORH/ORL/Midline Style: Choose solid, dashed, or dotted styles.
ORH/ORL/Midline Width: Adjust line thickness (1–5).
OR Fill Color: Customize the fill color for the OR area.
Lines/Labels Offset: Set the offset (in bars, -50 to 50) to shift lines and labels relative to price action.
General Style:
Label Size: Set the size of ORH and ORL labels (tiny, small, normal, large, huge).
Usage
Add the indicator to your chart.
Configure session times to match your trading instrument and timezone.
Customize colors, line styles, widths, and offsets for each session to suit your chart preferences.
Use the ORH, ORL, and midline levels to identify key price zones for trading strategies, such as breakouts or reversals.
Notes
Ensure session times do not overlap to avoid conflicts in visualization.
Large offsets may place lines/labels outside the visible chart area; adjust as needed.
The indicator is optimized for intraday timeframes but works on any timeframe.
Price Volume Heatmap [MHA Finverse]Price Volume Heatmap - Advanced Volume Profile Analysis
Unlock the power of institutional-level volume analysis with the Price Volume Heatmap indicator. This sophisticated tool visualizes market structure through volume distribution across price levels, helping you identify key support/resistance zones, high-probability reversal areas, and optimal entry/exit points.
🎯 What Makes This Indicator Unique?
Unlike traditional volume indicators that only show volume over time, this heatmap displays volume distribution across price levels , revealing where the most significant trading activity occurred. The gradient coloring system instantly highlights high-volume nodes (areas of strong interest) and low-volume nodes (potential breakout zones).
📊 Core Features
1. Dynamic Volume Heatmap
- Visualizes volume concentration across 250 customizable price levels
- Gradient color scheme from high volume (white) to low volume (teal/green)
- Adjustable brightness multiplier for enhanced contrast and clarity
- Real-time updates as market conditions evolve
2. Point of Control (POC)
- Automatically identifies the price level with the highest traded volume
- Acts as a magnetic price level where markets often return
- Critical for identifying fair value areas and potential reversal zones
- Customizable line style, width, and color
3. Flexible Lookback Settings
- Lookback Bars: Set any value from 1-5000 bars to control analysis depth
- Visible Range Mode: Analyze only what's currently visible on your chart
- Timeframe-Specific Settings: Different lookback periods for 1m, 5m, 15m, 30m, 1h, Daily, and Weekly charts
- Adapts to your trading style - scalping to position trading
4. Session Separation Analysis
- Tokyo Session: 00:00-09:00 UTC
- London Session: 07:00-16:00 UTC
- New York Session: 13:00-22:00 UTC
- Sydney Session: 21:00-06:00 UTC
- Daily Reset: Analyze each trading day independently
Session separation allows you to understand volume distribution specific to each major trading session, revealing institutional order flow patterns and session-specific support/resistance levels.
5. Profile Width Options
- Dynamic: Profile width adjusts based on lookback period
- Fixed Bars: Set a specific bar count for consistent profile width
- Extend Forward: Project the profile into future bars for planning trades
6. Smart Alerts
- POC crossover/crossunder alerts
- New session start notifications
- Never miss critical price action at high-volume nodes
📈 How to Use This Indicator Professionally
Understanding Market Structure:
High Volume Nodes (HVN):
- Appear as bright/white areas in the heatmap
- Represent price levels where significant trading occurred
- Act as strong support/resistance zones
- Markets often consolidate or bounce from these levels
- Trading Strategy: Look for entries when price tests HVN areas with confluence from other indicators
Low Volume Nodes (LVN):
- Appear as darker/teal areas in the heatmap
- Represent price levels with minimal trading activity
- Price tends to move quickly through these areas
- Often form "gaps" in the volume profile
- Trading Strategy: Expect rapid price movement through LVN zones; avoid placing stop losses here
Point of Control (POC):
- The single most important price level in your analysis window
- Represents the fairest price where maximum volume traded
- Price gravitates toward POC like a magnet
- Trading Strategy:
* When price is above POC: bullish bias, POC acts as support
* When price is below POC: bearish bias, POC acts as resistance
* POC breaks often lead to significant trend changes
Session-Based Analysis:
Use session separation to understand how different market participants trade:
Asian Session (Tokyo/Sydney):
- Typically lower volatility and range-bound
- Volume profiles often show tight, balanced distribution
- Use for identifying overnight ranges and gap fill zones
London Session:
- Highest volume session for forex pairs
- Often shows strong directional bias
- Look for breakouts from Asian ranges during London open
New York Session:
- Maximum participation when overlapping with London
- Institutional order flow most visible
- POC during NY session often becomes key level for following sessions
🎯 Practical Trading Applications
1. Identifying Support & Resistance:
High volume nodes from the heatmap are far more reliable than traditional swing highs/lows. When price approaches an HVN, expect reaction - either a bounce or a significant breakout if breached.
2. Trend Confirmation:
- Healthy uptrend: POC rising over time, HVN forming at higher levels
- Healthy downtrend: POC falling over time, HVN forming at lower levels
- Consolidation: POC relatively flat, volume balanced across range
3. Breakout Trading:
When price breaks through a Low Volume Node with momentum, it often continues to the next High Volume Node. Use LVN areas as measured move targets.
4. Reversal Zones:
Multiple HVN stacking on top of each other creates a "volume shelf" - an extremely strong support/resistance zone where reversals are highly probable.
5. Risk Management:
- Place stops beyond HVN areas (not within LVN zones)
- Size positions based on distance to nearest HVN
- Use POC as trailing stop level in trending markets
⚙️ Recommended Settings
For Day Trading (Scalping/Intraday):
- Lookback: 200-500 bars
- Rows: 200-250
- Enable session separation for your primary trading session
- Profile Width: Dynamic or Fixed Bars (30-50)
For Swing Trading:
- Lookback: 500-1000 bars
- Rows: 250
- Session separation: Daily Reset
- Profile Width: Dynamic
For Position Trading:
- Lookback: 1000-3000 bars
- Rows: 250
- Use timeframe-specific settings
- Profile Width: Extend Forward (20-50 bars)
💡 Pro Tips
1. Combine this indicator with price action analysis - volume confirms what price is telling you
2. Watch for POC convergence with other technical levels (fibonacci, pivot points, moving averages)
3. Volume at extremes (tops/bottoms of heatmap) often indicates exhaustion
4. Session POC from previous sessions often acts as magnet for current session
5. Increase brightness multiplier (1.5-2.5) for clearer visualization on busy charts
6. Use "Number of Sessions to Display" to analyze consistency of volume levels across multiple sessions
🎨 Customization
Fully customizable visual appearance:
- Gradient colors for volume visualization
- POC line thickness, color, and style
- Session line colors and visibility
- All settings organized in intuitive groups
⚠️ Disclaimer
This indicator is a technical analysis tool and should not be used as the sole basis for trading decisions. Always combine volume analysis with proper risk management, fundamental analysis, and other technical indicators. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
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Support & Updates
Regular updates and improvements are made to enhance functionality. For questions, suggestions, or bug reports, please use the comments section below.
Happy Trading! 📊💹
Recent Session High Low Marker - SimpleDescription:
This Pine Script marks the high and low points of the most recent trading sessions: Asian, London, and New York.
Asian Session: From 19:00 to 21:00 New York time (UTC-4).
London Session: From 02:00 to 05:00 New York time (UTC-4).
New York Session: From 07:00 to 10:00 New York time (UTC-4).
For each session, the script draws two lines:
One for the high of the session.
One for the low of the session.
The lines are drawn horizontally across the chart, making them easy to spot. Each session is marked by two lines with specific colors:
Orange for the Asian session.
Blue for the London session.
Purple for the New York session.
The lines are dynamically updated during the active session, and they will reset when the next session begins. The width of the lines is set to 2 to ensure they are visible without being too thick.
Credits:
Script created by Jdv.
SJ Fx Session RangeSJ Fx Session Range Indicator
A Professional Forex Session Tracking Tool with Opening Range Analysis
Overview
The SJ Fx Session Range indicator is a comprehensive tool designed to help forex traders visualize major trading sessions (Asia, Europe+London, and New York) along with their first 15-minute opening ranges. Built with Pine Script v5, this indicator provides clear session boundaries, high/low ranges, and customizable opening range analysis to enhance your trading decisions.
Key Features
1. Trading Session Boxes
- Three major forex sessions: Asia, Europe+London, and New York
- Color-coded session boxes with transparent backgrounds for easy visualization
- Automatic session high/low tracking
- Session labels displayed inside boxes for quick identification
- Displays up to 50 historical sessions for pattern analysis
2. Opening Range Analysis
- Tracks first 15-minute opening range for Europe, London, and NY sessions
- Plots high, low, and mid-range levels
- Customizable line colors for each session's opening range
- Background highlights during the first 15 minutes of each session
- Helps identify potential breakout or reversal zones
3. Daylight Saving Time Support
- Built-in DST toggle for easy seasonal adjustment
- Automatically adjusts all session timings by 1 hour when enabled
- Clear tooltip instructions for when to enable/disable DST
- Default timings configured for IST timezone (Asia/Kolkata)
4. User-Friendly Design
- Clean input interface organized by session categories
- Fixed optimal settings for boxes and lines (50-day history)
- All session times are easily customizable with helpful tooltips
- Warning tooltips to prevent accidental timing changes
Default Session Times (when DST is disabled)
- Asia Session: 04:00 - 12:30 IST
- Europe + London Session: 12:30 - 20:00 IST
- New York Session: 20:00 - 02:30 IST
How to Use
1. Add to Chart: Apply the indicator to any forex pair chart
2. Adjust DST: Enable the "Start Daylight Saving Time Change" checkbox on the second Sunday in March; disable on the first Sunday in November
3. Customize Sessions: Toggle individual sessions on/off based on your trading preference
4. Opening Range Colors: Customize the opening range line colors for better visibility
5. Session Times: Default times are optimized for IST; modify only if trading from a different timezone
Technical Specifications
- Version: Pine Script v5
- Overlay: Yes (draws directly on price chart)
- Maximum Objects: 500 boxes, 500 lines
- History: 50 days of session data
- Timezone: Asia/Kolkata (IST) - customizable in code
Use Cases
- Identify high-liquidity trading periods
- Track session volatility patterns
- Monitor opening range breakouts/breakdowns
- Analyze session-specific price action
- Plan entries around major session opens
- Avoid trading during low-liquidity periods
Performance
Optimized for efficient rendering with:
- Fixed 50-day history limit for optimal performance
- Automatic cleanup of old session boxes and lines
- Lightweight code structure for fast chart loading
Customization Options
Available Inputs:
- Enable/disable individual sessions
- Adjust session timings (with safety tooltips)
- Toggle DST on/off
- Show/hide opening range analysis
- Customize opening range line colors for each session
Fixed for Optimal Performance:
- Session box colors (Asia: Aqua, Europe: Green, NY: Red)
- 50-day historical display
- Line width and style
- Mid-range line always displayed
Educational Value
This indicator helps traders:
- Understand forex market structure and session overlaps
- Recognize high-probability trading times
- Develop session-based trading strategies
- Improve timing of trade entries and exits
Open Source License
This script is published under Mozilla Public License 2.0, allowing you to:
- Use freely for personal trading
- Modify and adapt to your needs
- Learn from the code structure
- Share improvements with the community
Credits
Developed by Shantanu Joshi
- Designed for forex traders focusing on session-based strategies
- Built with clean, well-documented Pine Script v5 code
- Regular updates and improvements based on user feedback
Support & Feedback
If you find this indicator useful:
- Give it a thumbs up
- Share your trading results in the comments
- Suggest improvements or new features
- Report any issues for quick resolution
Disclaimer
This indicator is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice. Always conduct your own research and risk management before making trading decisions. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Compatible with: CFDs of forex pairs, commodities, indices, and crypto.
Best used on: 5-minutes
Recommended chart type: Candlestick charts
Volume & Price Analysis Across SessionsVolume & Price Analysis Across Sessions:
This advanced volume profile-based indicator provides a detailed visualization of market activity by analyzing volume distribution and price behavior across user-defined trading sessions. It dynamically calculates and displays the price level with the highest traded volume —for each user defined session, along with historical POCs, offering valuable insights into price acceptance zones and market sentiment over time.
Benefits:
Volume-Weighted Price Insights: Go beyond simple price action by integrating volume data to identify key levels where market participants are most active.
Multi-Session Context: Analyze volume concentration across multiple sessions to better anticipate support/resistance and potential reversal zones.
Visual Clarity: Intuitive color gradients and line widths make interpreting complex volume data straightforward.
Customizable to Fit Any Trading Style: Adjustable session length and sensitivity make it suitable for day trading, swing trading, or longer-term analysis.
This indicator is ideal for traders looking to integrate volume profile concepts directly on price charts with session-specific granularity, enabling deeper understanding of market structure and more informed trading decisions.
How It Works:
The indicator segments price and volume data into discrete sessions based on the selected timeframe.
Within each session, it bins volumes by price levels and identifies the POC — the price with the highest aggregated volume.
It draws the current session’s POC line on the chart, adjusting its thickness dynamically relative to volume strength using a z-score-based calculation.
Upon session completion, the POC line for that session is preserved on the chart in a gradient color reflecting relative volume magnitude compared to previous sessions.
Users can optionally enable deviation lines to observe volatility or price spread within each session.
The script efficiently manages historical POC lines, deleting the oldest when exceeding the maximum configured number to keep the chart clean.
Key Features:
Session-Based Volume Profile: Defines custom sessions based on a selectable timeframe (default 4 hours) and calculates volume bins within each session to identify where the most trading activity occurred.
Dynamic POC Line: Highlights the current session’s POC with a line whose width adapts based on volume intensity, controlled by a user-adjustable volume sensitivity parameter.
Historical POCs with Volume Gradient: Displays up to 30 previous session POC lines colored with a gradient ranging from low-volume (semi-transparent red) to high-volume (solid green), enabling quick visual identification of significant volume levels over time.
Standard Deviation Lines (Optional): Optionally plots ±1 standard deviation lines around the POC to visualize price dispersion within sessions.
Configurable Parameters: Allows full customization of appearance and sensitivity including POC line colors, maximum line widths, session timeframe, and the maximum number of price bins for volume aggregation.
Default Parameters Used:
Session Timeframe: 240 minutes (4-hour sessions)
POC Line Color: Yellow
Max Historical POCs Displayed : 30
Max POC Line Width: 10 pixels
Volume Sensitivity for POC Width: 2.0 (controls how volume deviations affect line thickness)
Show ±1 Std Dev Lines: Disabled by default
Deviation Line Color: Gray
Max Price Bins: 1000 (limits the number of unique price levels considered per session)
Historical POC Gradient Colors:
Low Volume Start: Red, 60% transparency
High Volume End: Solid Green
Night Low Liquidity Congestions with 4 Trading SessionsThis indicator is designed to help traders visualize and analyze key market periods of low liquidity during the night and identify high-activity zones in the morning. It also includes customizable time sessions for major global markets, including the European and American sessions, as well as the London Close session.
T he main functionalities include:
- Night Low Liquidity Phase: This highlights periods with typically low market activity during the night (default: 20:01–5:59). It also displays the total range (in pips) during this phase, allowing traders to identify potential price consolidations.
- Morning Hot Zone: This focuses on high-activity periods in the early morning (default: 6:00–7:59), providing visual cues without altering bar colors.
- European Trading Session: Displays the European market’s open hours (default: 8:00–12:00), shaded in blue, to mark increased volatility typically seen during this period.
- American Trading Session: Marks the active hours of the U.S. market (default: 12:01–16:59), where market activity tends to peak.
- London Close Area: Highlights the closing hours of the London market (default: 17:00–20:00), allowing traders to track potential liquidity shifts.
Key Features:
1. Customizable Time Sessions:
- The indicator allows for full customization of the start and end times for each market session, making it adaptable to different instruments and trading style.
- Traders can choose their preferred color and opacity for each time zone to suit their charting preferences.
2. Night Low Liquidity Pip Range Calculation:
- Automatically calculates and displays the pip range for the Night Low Liquidity phase.
- The range is colored red if it exceeds the specified threshold and green if it remains below it.
3. Alarm System:
- Customizable alerts for H1, M15, and M5 timeframes.
- Traders can set alerts to trigger just before a bar closes during specific sessions (European, American, or London Close) and on selected days of the week (Monday–Friday).
- The alarm system allows for full customization of active hours and days, giving traders full control over their notifications.
4. Clear Visual Cues:
- The indicator uses transparent shading to differentiate market sessions, making it easy to spot different phases of the trading day.
- Each session is visually distinct and can be toggled on or off based on trader preferences.
Ideal For:
- Traders who focus on intraday strategies and want to understand how market sessions affect liquidity and volatility.
- Those looking to trade during specific time windows like the Night Low Liquidity or Morning Hot Zones.
- Traders who need to automate their alerts based on specific market hours and close events for major timeframes.
Market Sessions [ApexFX]Unlock a clearer view of the market's 24-hour cycle with the Market Sessions indicator. This tool is designed to be clean, simple, and powerful, helping you track global market activity directly on your chart.
Core Features:
Four Pre-configured Sessions: Easily track the New York, London, Tokyo, and Sydney sessions. Each session is fully customizable, allowing you to change the name, time, and color.
Visual Session Ranges: The indicator automatically draws a colored box (or "range") highlighting the high and low of each active session, with a clear session name label on top.
Simple Timezone Control: Forget confusing GMT strings. A single integer input (e.g., -4 for NY, +1 for London) allows you to perfectly align the indicator with your local timezone or the exchange's time.
Dynamic Dashboard: Get an at-a-glance summary of all market sessions in a clean dashboard, locked to the top-right of your chart.
Live Market Status: The dashboard shows you:
Session: The custom name for each market, color-coded to match its range.
Status: See which markets are "Active" (green) or "Inactive" (red) in real-time.
Trend: A simple trend-following metric (based on a 50-SMA) for active sessions.
Volume: A basic volume average check (based on a 50-SMA) to gauge activity.
This indicator is perfect for traders who want to identify session overlaps, target specific market volatility, or simply understand the context of price action throughout the global trading day.






















