Advanced Standard Deviation EMAs📊 Advanced Standard Deviation EMAs Indicator
This indicator plots up to 7 customizable EMAs with standard deviation channels which helps traders see the potential levels surrounding the EMAs that accounts for recent volatility.
📈 What is Standard Deviation?
Standard deviation is a statistical measure that quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values. In trading, it measures how much price movement deviates from the average (mean) price over a specific period. Higher standard deviation indicates higher volatility, while lower values suggest more consistent price action. When applied to EMAs, standard deviation channels help traders identify when price is behaving normally versus when it's making extraordinary moves, potentially signaling trading opportunities or increased risk.
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✨ Key Features
- Highly Customizable: Each EMA can be independently configured for maximum flexibility
- Multi-Timeframe Analysis: Each EMA can calculate on its own timeframe while displayed on the same chart
- Adaptive Labels: Smart labels show period, timeframe, and trend direction
- Visual Clarity: Fully customizable colors, transparency, and visual elements
🛠️ Per-EMA Customization
Each of the 7 EMAs offers individual control over:
- 📏 Period Length: Set your preferred EMA calculation period
- ⏱️ Timeframe: Calculate each EMA on its own timeframe (defaults to chart timeframe)
- 📏 Standard Deviation Multiplier: Fine-tune channel width with individual multipliers
- 🎨 Colors: Custom colors for lines, fills, and labels
- 🔍 Visibility: Toggle line, fill, and label visibility independently
- 🌫️ Transparency: Adjust fill transparency for each Standard Deviation Channel
🏷️ Smart Labels
Labels automatically display:
1. EMA length (e.g., "- 200")
2. Calculation timeframe when custom (e.g., "- 200 (240)")
3. Trend direction through color
Label colors indicate trend direction:
- 🟢 Green: EMA is trending upward (customizable)
- 🔴 Red: EMA is trending downward (customizable)
⚙️ Global Settings
- Label Offset: Position labels away from price action (default: 20 bars)
- Label Size: Choose from multiple text sizes
- Quick Toggle: Disable all EMA lines and fills with one click while keeping labels
💡 Use Cases
- Multi-timeframe trend analysis
- Dynamic support/resistance identification
- Price volatility assessment
- Trend strength confirmation
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Comment down below if you have any cool feature ideas or want to show your support and give this indicator a like if you're enjoying it :)
Enjoy!
SS
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Standard Deviation Lines v1.0Overview
The Standard Deviation Lines v1.0 indicator is designed to provide a statistical approach to market volatility by plotting multiple standard deviation levels based on price action. This tool helps traders identify key price levels where the market may experience significant reactions, making it useful for trend analysis, support/resistance identification, and volatility-based trading strategies.
Key Features
✅ Dynamic Standard Deviation Levels: Calculates and plots up to ±3 standard deviation levels, giving traders a clear view of price dispersion and potential overbought/oversold areas.
✅ Quadrant-Based Deviation Zones: Divides standard deviation ranges into smaller, meaningful levels (e.g., 0.214, 0.382, 0.50, 0.618, 0.786) for a granular analysis of price movements.
✅ VIX Integration for Volatility Adjustment: Incorporates CBOE:VIX to dynamically adjust standard deviation levels based on market volatility.
✅ Weekly vs. Daily Mode: Users can toggle between weekly and daily standard deviation calculations to adapt to different trading strategies.
✅ Auto-Updating Levels: The indicator refreshes at market close (17:00), ensuring traders work with the latest price data.
✅ Customizable Display: Uses color-coded lines to differentiate between positive and negative deviations, with dashed lines for mid-levels and key support/resistance areas.
How to Use
📌 Trend & Volatility Analysis – Higher standard deviation levels indicate strong price movements, helping traders assess trend strength and market volatility.
📌 Reversal & Continuation Signals – Prices reaching extreme standard deviation levels (±2 or ±3) may suggest potential reversals or breakouts.
📌 Support & Resistance Zones – The quadrant-based deviation zones help identify hidden support/resistance areas where price may react.
📌 Risk Management – Traders can use standard deviation bands to set stop-loss and take-profit levels based on statistical price dispersion.
Best For
🔹 Day traders & swing traders looking to incorporate volatility-based strategies.
🔹 Mean reversion traders who capitalize on price returning to statistical averages.
🔹 Momentum traders who want to confirm trend strength and continuation.
Try the Standard Deviation Lines v1.0 now and enhance your market analysis with a statistical edge!
RVI SD Band Oscillator | BinMastaThe RVI SD Band Oscillator is a momentum-based indicator that enhances trend analysis using the Relative Vigor Index (RVI) with Standard Deviation (SD) Bands. It refines signals by incorporating a signal line and dynamically adjusting bands based on market volatility.
Core Components:
RVI Calculation: Measures price momentum relative to past movements.
Signal Line: A smoothed version of RVI to identify crossovers.
SD Bands: Standard deviation-based boundaries to gauge overbought/oversold conditions.
Trading Logic:
Trend Direction: Determined by RVI crossover with the signal line.
Momentum Confirmation: Identifies shifts in buying and selling strength.
Trade Signals:
Bullish when the trend is up & the signal is near the lower band.
Bearish when the trend is down & the signal is near the upper band.
Visual Features:
Colored candles highlight potential trend shifts.
Signal line plot provides additional confirmation.
Disclaimer:
This indicator is for educational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Always conduct your own analysis and risk management before making trading decisions. 🚀
Sharpe Ratio ScreenerThe original code was created by tim_amblard , and the modifications were made by Mr_Rakun for the purpose of adapting the script into a screener format.
The Sharpe ratio is a popular metric used to measure the risk-adjusted return of an asset or portfolio, which allows traders and investors to assess whether the returns they are receiving are worth the risk they are taking. In this script, the Sharpe ratio is calculated over a 180-day period (approximately 6 months), and several valuation zones are defined based on the ratio to help assess whether an asset is overvalued, undervalued, or critically undervalued.
Key Features:
1. Risk-Free Rate Input: The user can define the risk-free rate (usually the return of government bonds or a similar safe asset) for Sharpe ratio calculation.
2. Lookback Period (180 Days): The default lookback period is set to 180 days (approximately 6 months) to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the asset’s daily returns.
3. Valuation Zones:
• Overvalued Zone: If the Sharpe ratio is greater than 5.
• Undervalued Zone: If the Sharpe ratio is between -1 and 5.
• Critically Undervalued Zone: If the Sharpe ratio is below -3.
• Neutral Zone: If the Sharpe ratio does not meet any of the above conditions.
4. Table View: The script pulls a list of symbols from the user (e.g., cryptocurrency or stock tickers) and displays their latest price, Sharpe ratio, and whether they are in an overvalued, undervalued, or neutral zone in a table format.
5. Custom Symbol Input: The user can input a list of symbols (separated by commas) to track.
6. Daily Timeframe Check: The script warns the user to ensure they are using a daily timeframe, as this indicator is designed specifically for it.
How It Works:
• The script calculates the daily returns for each symbol over the specified lookback period.
• It then calculates the mean and standard deviation of the returns to derive the Sharpe ratio.
• The Sharpe ratio is annualized, and it’s compared to the defined thresholds to categorize the symbol into different valuation zones.
• A table is generated on the chart to show the symbols, their current prices, and their Sharpe ratios, with color-coded background to easily identify whether they are overvalued (red), undervalued (green), or critically undervalued (blue).
This tool is useful for screening multiple assets for their Sharpe ratio to find investment opportunities with optimal risk-adjusted returns.
Original code credit: This code was originally written by tim_amblard and modified by Mr_Rakun for use as a screener.
Türkçe Açıklama:
Orijinal kod tim_amblard tarafından yazılmıştır ve Mr_Rakun tarafından, bu script’in tarayıcı formatına dönüştürülmesi amacıyla değiştirilmiştir.
Sharpe oranı, bir varlığın veya portföyün risk düzeltilmiş getirisini ölçmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir metriktir. Bu metrik, yatırımcıların aldıkları risk karşılığında aldıkları getirinin ne kadar verimli olduğunu değerlendirmelerine olanak tanır. Bu script’te, Sharpe oranı 180 günlük bir periyot (yaklaşık 6 ay) boyunca hesaplanır ve oranı baz alarak varlıkların değerleme bölgeleri tanımlanır: aşırı değerli, değerli ve kritik şekilde değersiz.
Ana Özellikler:
1. Risk-Free Rate (Risk-Free Oranı) Girişi: Kullanıcı, Sharpe oranı hesaplaması için risk-free (risksiz) oranı (genellikle devlet tahvilleri veya benzeri güvenli bir varlık getirisi) tanımlayabilir.
2. Lookback (Geribildirim) Periyodu (180 Gün): Varsayılan geribildirim periyodu, varlığın günlük getirilerinin ortalama ve standart sapmalarını hesaplamak için 180 gün (yaklaşık 6 ay) olarak ayarlanmıştır.
3. Değerleme Bölgeleri:
• Aşırı Değerli Bölge: Sharpe oranı 5’ten büyükse.
• Değerli Bölge: Sharpe oranı -1 ile 5 arasında ise.
• Kritik Derecede Değersiz Bölge: Sharpe oranı -3’ten küçükse.
• Nötr Bölge: Sharpe oranı yukarıdaki hiçbir koşulu karşılamıyorsa.
4. Tablo Görünümü: Script, kullanıcıdan alınan semboller listesine göre (örneğin, kripto para veya hisse senedi sembolleri) her bir sembolün son fiyatını, Sharpe oranını ve değerleme bölgesini tablo şeklinde gösterir.
5. Özel Sembol Girişi: Kullanıcı, izlemek istediği semboller listesini (virgülle ayrılmış) girebilir.
6. Günlük Zaman Çerçevesi Kontrolü: Script, kullanıcının doğru sonuçlar almak için günlük zaman çerçevesinde işlem yapması gerektiğini hatırlatır.
Nasıl Çalışır:
• Script, her sembol için belirtilen geribildirim periyodu boyunca günlük getirileri hesaplar.
• Ardından, getirilerin ortalama ve standart sapmasını hesaplayarak Sharpe oranını çıkarır.
• Sharpe oranı yıllıklaştırılır ve tanımlanan eşiklerle karşılaştırılarak sembol, farklı değerleme bölgelerine kategorize edilir.
• Grafik üzerinde, semboller, mevcut fiyatları ve Sharpe oranları gösteren bir tablo oluşturulur. Bu tablo, hangi sembollerin aşırı değerli (kırmızı), değerli (yeşil) veya kritik derecede değersiz (mavi) olduğunu kolayca görmek için renk kodlu arka planlar kullanır.
Bu araç, yatırım fırsatlarını daha verimli bir şekilde değerlendirebilmek için risk düzeltilmiş getiri açısından optimal fırsatları bulmak için birden fazla varlığın Sharpe oranlarını taramak için kullanışlıdır.
Volatility BandsThe Volatility Bands script is a custom indicator designed to help traders visualize volatility levels in the market. It calculates dynamic bands around a central moving average, providing insights into potential support and resistance levels based on recent price action.
The script calculates multiple volatility bands (u0, u1, u2, d0, d1, d2) that adjust based on recent price movements. The outer bands (u2 and d2) represent extreme volatility levels, while the inner bands (u0, u1, d0, d1) indicate more immediate support and resistance.
Look for price reactions at the band levels. A touch of the upper bands may indicate overbought conditions, while a touch of the lower bands may indicate oversold conditions.
Central Moving Average: A smoothed moving average that adapts to price changes, providing a clear trend direction.
The script has no input parameters.
Script Functions:
erf(x): Calculates the error function for a given input x. Used in the calculation of the smoothing factor for the UMA.
uma(input): Provides a smoothed average that adapts to recent price changes, reducing lag compared to traditional moving averages.
dev(input, mu): Used to calculate the volatility bands around the central moving average.
Dema Percentile Standard DeviationDema Percentile Standard Deviation
The Dema Percentile Standard Deviation indicator is a robust tool designed to identify and follow trends in financial markets.
How it works?
This code is straightforward and simple:
The price is smoothed using a DEMA (Double Exponential Moving Average).
Percentiles are then calculated on that DEMA.
When the closing price is below the lower percentile, it signals a potential short.
When the closing price is above the upper percentile and the Standard Deviation of the lower percentile, it signals a potential long.
Settings
Dema/Percentile/SD/EMA Length's: Defines the period over which calculations are made.
Dema Source: The source of the price data used in calculations.
Percentiles: Selects the type of percentile used in calculations (options include 60/40, 60/45, 55/40, 55/45). In these settings, 60 and 55 determine percentile for long signals, while 45 and 40 determine percentile for short signals.
Features
Fully Customizable
Fully Customizable: Customize colors to display for long/short signals.
Display Options: Choose to show long/short signals as a background color, as a line on price action, or as trend momentum in a separate window.
EMA for Confluence: An EMA can be used for early entries/exits for added signal confirmation, but it may introduce noise—use with caution!
Built-in Alerts.
Indicator on Diffrent Assets
INDEX:BTCUSD 1D Chart (6 high 56 27 60/45 14)
CRYPTO:SOLUSD 1D Chart (24 open 31 20 60/40 14)
CRYPTO:RUNEUSD 1D Chart (10 close 56 14 60/40 14)
Remember no indicator would on all assets with default setting so FAFO with setting to get your desired signal.
Median Volume Weighted DeviationMVWD (Median Volume Weighted Deviation)
The Median Volume-Weighted Deviation is a technical trend following indicator that overlays dynamic bands on the price chart, centered around a Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP). By incorporating volume-weighted standard deviation and its median, it identifies potential overbought and oversold conditions, generating buy and sell signals based on price interactions with the bands. The fill color between the bands visually reflects the current signal, enhancing market sentiment analysis.
How it Works
VWAP Calculation: Computes the Volume-Weighted Average Price over a specific lookback period (n), emphasizing price levels with higher volume.
Volume Weighted Standard Deviation: Measures price dispersion around the VWAP, weighted by volume, over the same period.
Median Standard Deviation: Applies a median filter over (m) periods to smooth the stand deviation, reducing noise in volatility estimates.
Bands: Constructs upper and lower bands by adding and subtracting a multiplier (k) times the median standard deviation from the VWAP
Signals:
Buy Signal: Triggers when the closing price crosses above the upper band.
Sell Signal: Triggers when the closing price crosses below the lower band.
Inputs
Lookback (n): Number of periods for the VWAP and standard deviation calculations. Default is set to 14.
Median Standard Deviation (m): Periods for the median standard deviation. Default is set to 2.
Standard Deviation Multiplier (k): Multiplier to adjust band width. Default is set to 1.7 with a step of 0.1.
Customization
Increase the Lookback (n) for a smoother VWAP and broader perspective, or decrease the value for higher sensitivity.
Adjust Median Standard Deviation (m) to control the smoothness of the standard deviation filter.
Modify the multiplier (k) to widen or narrow the bands based on the market volatility preferences.
Daily Standard Deviation (fadi)The Daily Standard Deviation indicator uses standard deviation to map out daily price movements. Standard deviation measures how much prices stray from their average—small values mean steady trends, large ones mean wild swings. Drawing from up to 20 years of data, it plots key levels using customizable Fibonacci lines tied to that standard deviation, giving traders a snapshot of typical price behavior.
These levels align with a bell curve: about 68% of price moves stay within 1 standard deviation, 95% within roughly 2, and 99.7% within roughly 3. When prices break past the 1 StDev line, they’re outliers—only 32% of moves go that far. Prices often snap back to these lines or the average, though the reversal might not happen the same day.
How Traders Use It
If prices surge past the 1 StDev line, traders might wait for momentum to fade, then trade the pullback to that line or the average, setting a target and stop.
If prices dip below, they might buy, anticipating a bounce—sometimes a day or two later. It’s a tool to spot overstretched prices likely to revert and/or measure the odds of continuation.
Settings
Open Hour: Sets the trading day’s start (default: 18:00 EST).
Show Levels for the Last X Days: Displays levels for the specified number of days.
Based on X Period: Number of days to calculate standard deviation (e.g., 20 years ≈ 5,040 days). Larger periods smooth out daily level changes.
Mirror Levels on the Other Side: Plots symmetric positive and negative levels around the average.
Fibonacci Levels Settings: Defines which levels and line styles to show. With mirroring, negative values aren’t needed.
Overrides: Lets advanced users input custom standard deviations for specific tickers (e.g., NQ1! at 0.01296).
DataDoodles SD + ProbabilityDataDoodles SD + Probability
Overview:
The “DataDoodles SD + Probability” indicator is designed to provide traders with a statistical edge by leveraging standard deviation and probability metrics. This advanced tool calculates the annualized standard deviation, Z-score, and probability of price movements, offering insights into potential market direction with customizable alert thresholds.
Key Features:
1. Annualized Standard Deviation (Volatility) Calculation:
• Uses a user-defined period to compute the rolling standard deviation of daily returns.
• Annualizes the volatility, giving a clear picture of expected price fluctuations.
2. Probability of Price Movement:
• Calculates the probability of price moving up or down using a corrected Z-Score.
• Displays the probability percentage for both upward and downward movements.
3. Dynamic Alerts:
• Configurable alerts for upward and downward price movement probabilities.
• Receive alerts when the probability exceeds user-defined thresholds.
4. Projections and Visuals:
• Plots projected high and low price levels based on annualized volatility.
• Displays Z-Score and probability metrics on the chart for quick reference.
5. Comprehensive Data Table:
• Bottom-center table displays key metrics:
• Daily Return
• Standard Deviation (SD)
• Annualized Standard Deviation (Yearly SD)
User Inputs:
• Annualization Period: Set the time frame for volatility annualization (Default: 252 days).
• SD Period: Define the rolling window for calculating standard deviation (Default: 252 days).
• Alert Probability Up/Down: Customize the probability thresholds for alerts (Default: 90%).
How It Works:
• Data Request and Calculation:
• Uses daily close prices to ensure consistent timeframe calculations.
• Calculates daily returns and annualizes the volatility using the square root of the time frame.
• Probability Computation:
• Employs a normal distribution CDF approximation to compute the probability of upward and downward price movements.
• Adjusts probabilities based on Z-Score to ensure accuracy.
• High and Low Projections:
• Utilizes the annualized volatility to estimate high and low price projections for the year.
• Visual Indicators and Alerts:
• Plots projected high (green) and low (red) levels on the chart.
• Displays Z-Score, probability percentages, and dynamically updates a statistics table.
Use Cases:
• Trend Analysis: Identify high-probability market movements using the probability metrics.
• Volatility Insights: Understand annualized volatility to gauge market risk and potential price ranges.
• Strategic Trading Decisions: Set alerts for high-probability scenarios to optimize entry and exit points.
Why Use “DataDoodles SD + Probability”?
This indicator provides a powerful combination of statistical analysis and visual representation. It empowers traders with:
• Quantitative Edge: By leveraging probability metrics and standard deviation, users can make informed trading decisions.
• Risk Management: Annualized volatility projections help in setting realistic stop-loss and take-profit levels.
• Actionable Alerts: Customizable probability alerts ensure users are notified of potential market moves, allowing proactive trading strategies.
Recommended Settings:
• Annualization Period: 252 (Ideal for daily data representing a trading year)
• SD Period: 252 (One trading year for consistent volatility calculations)
• Alert Probability: Set to 90% for conservative signals or lower for more frequent alerts.
Final Thoughts:
The “DataDoodles SD + Probability” indicator is a robust tool for traders looking to integrate statistical analysis into their trading strategies. It combines volatility measurement, probability calculations, and dynamic alerts to provide a comprehensive market overview.
Whether you’re a day trader or a long-term investor, this indicator can enhance your market insight and improve decision-making accuracy.
Disclaimer:
This indicator is a technical analysis tool designed for educational purposes. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Traders are encouraged to perform their own analysis and manage risk accordingly.
MTF- Standard Deviation ChannelWhat Is Standard Deviation?
Standard deviation is a statistical measurement that looks at how far individual points in a dataset are dispersed from the mean of that set. If data points are further from the mean, there is a higher deviation within the data set. It is calculated as the square root of the variance.
Key Takeaways:
Standard deviation measures the dispersion of a dataset relative to its mean.
It is calculated as the square root of the variance.
Standard deviation, in finance, is often used as a measure of the relative riskiness of an asset.
A volatile stock has a high standard deviation, while the deviation of a stable blue-chip stock is usually rather low.
Standard deviation is also used by businesses to assess risk, manage business operations, and plan cash flows based on seasonal changes and volatility.
Source: Investopedia
--------------- UPDATE ---------------
The deviation is calculated automatically. (via stdev function).
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The targeted timeframe is available in the options (recalculation cycle).
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If the selected security is a contract the number of days before expiration is automatically managed, otherwise it will use the 'default' options.
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Stochastic-Dynamic Volatility Band ModelThe Stochastic-Dynamic Volatility Band Model is a quantitative trading approach that leverages statistical principles to model market volatility and generate buy and sell signals. The strategy is grounded in the concepts of volatility estimation and dynamic market regimes, where the core idea is to capture price fluctuations through stochastic models and trade around volatility bands.
Volatility Estimation and Band Construction
The volatility bands are constructed using a combination of historical price data and statistical measures, primarily the standard deviation (σ) of price returns, which quantifies the degree of variation in price movements over a specific period. This methodology is based on the classical works of Black-Scholes (1973), which laid the foundation for using volatility as a core component in financial models. Volatility is a crucial determinant of asset pricing and risk, and it plays a pivotal role in this strategy's design.
Entry and Exit Conditions
The entry conditions are based on the price’s relationship with the volatility bands. A long entry is triggered when the price crosses above the lower volatility band, indicating that the market may have been oversold or is experiencing a reversal to the upside. Conversely, a short entry is triggered when the price crosses below the upper volatility band, suggesting overbought conditions or a potential market downturn.
These entry signals are consistent with the mean reversion theory, which asserts that asset prices tend to revert to their long-term average after deviating from it. According to Poterba and Summers (1988), mean reversion occurs due to overreaction to news or temporary disturbances, leading to price corrections.
The exit condition is based on the number of bars that have elapsed since the entry signal. Specifically, positions are closed after a predefined number of bars, typically set to seven bars, reflecting a short-term trading horizon. This exit mechanism is in line with short-term momentum trading strategies discussed in literature, where traders capitalize on price movements within specific timeframes (Jegadeesh & Titman, 1993).
Market Adaptability
One of the key features of this strategy is its dynamic nature, as it adapts to the changing volatility environment. The volatility bands automatically adjust to market conditions, expanding in periods of high volatility and contracting when volatility decreases. This dynamic adjustment helps the strategy remain robust across different market regimes, as it is capable of identifying both trend-following and mean-reverting opportunities.
This dynamic adaptability is supported by the adaptive market hypothesis (Lo, 2004), which posits that market participants evolve their strategies in response to changing market conditions, akin to the adaptive nature of biological systems.
References:
Black, F., & Scholes, M. (1973). The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities. Journal of Political Economy, 81(3), 637-654.
Bollinger, J. (1980). Bollinger on Bollinger Bands. Wiley.
Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers: Implications for Stock Market Efficiency. Journal of Finance, 48(1), 65-91.
Lo, A. W. (2004). The Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Market Efficiency from an Evolutionary Perspective. Journal of Portfolio Management, 30(5), 15-29.
Poterba, J. M., & Summers, L. H. (1988). Mean Reversion in Stock Prices: Evidence and Implications. Journal of Financial Economics, 22(1), 27-59.
STDEV Multi TimeFrame [Snowdex]STDEV Multi TimeFrame
The STDEV Multi TimeFrame indicator plots standard deviation levels (+1SD, +2SD, +3SD, -1SD, -2SD, -3SD) based on a user-selected timeframe (1D, 1W, 1M, etc.). It helps identify volatility, trend strength, and potential reversal zones using Bollinger Bands-style deviation calculations.
Key Features:
✅ Multi-Timeframe Selection – Choose any timeframe for STDEV calculations.
✅ Customizable Bollinger Bands – Select SMA, EMA, RMA, or WMA as the baseline.
✅ Color-Coded STDEV Levels – Fast (Green), Medium (Orange), Slow (Red).
✅ Non-Repainting & Accurate – Uses request.security() for precise data retrieval.
✅ Extended Lines & Labels – Clear trend monitoring with formatted values.
Use Cases:
📌 Detect trend direction & volatility.
📌 Identify overbought/oversold zones.
📌 Use as dynamic support/resistance levels.
🚀 Ideal for stocks, forex, crypto, and options trading! 🚀
Cypto Oscillator with Sortino-like VolatilityEnhanced Inverted Ultimate Oscillator with Sortino-like Volatility
This indicator combines the power of the Ultimate Oscillator with a unique Sortino-like volatility calculation to provide a comprehensive view of market dynamics. It's designed to help traders identify potential turning points and assess the risk associated with price movements.
**Core Components:**
* **Ultimate Oscillator (UO):** The UO is a momentum indicator that incorporates short, medium, and long-term price action to identify overbought and oversold conditions. This indicator inverts and normalizes the UO to a 0-10 scale, providing a clear view of momentum shifts.
* **Sortino-like Volatility:** Instead of a standard deviation, this indicator uses a downside deviation calculation. This focuses specifically on *negative* price movements, offering a more relevant measure of risk for most traders. By not penalizing upside volatility, it avoids giving false signals during strong bull runs. The downside deviation is scaled as a percentage of the closing price for cross-asset comparability.
* **Volatility Signal:** The inverted UO is multiplied by the downside deviation to create a combined volatility signal. This signal reflects both momentum and downside risk, providing a more nuanced market perspective.
**Key Features and Uses:**
* **Identifying Potential Turning Points:** Divergences between the UO and price action can signal potential trend reversals. Look for the UO to make higher lows while price makes lower lows (bullish divergence) or the UO to make lower highs while price makes higher highs (bearish divergence).
* **Assessing Downside Risk:** The Sortino-like volatility component helps traders gauge the potential for downside price swings. Higher volatility suggests greater risk.
* **Dynamic Volatility Thresholds:** The indicator includes adjustable upper and lower volatility thresholds, based on a moving average of the volatility signal. These thresholds can be used to identify periods of unusually high or low volatility.
* **Customizable Lookback Periods:** Traders can adjust the lookback periods for the UO and the standard deviation calculation to fine-tune the indicator to their specific trading style and market conditions.
* **Visualizations:** The indicator provides several visual aids, including:
* A histogram of the volatility signal, colored dynamically based on its relationship to the moving average of volatility. Red indicates volatility above the upper bound, orange between the bounds and green below the lower bound.
* A line plot of the volatility signal.
* An optional moving average of the volatility signal.
* Optional upper and lower volatility threshold lines with a filled range for visual clarity.
* **Alerts:** The indicator includes alert conditions for when the volatility signal crosses above the upper threshold (high volatility) or below the lower threshold (low volatility).
**How to Use:**
1. **Inputs:** Adjust the input parameters to optimize the indicator for your chosen asset and timeframe.
2. **Divergences:** Look for divergences between the UO and price to identify potential trend reversals.
3. **Volatility:** Use the volatility signal and thresholds to assess downside risk.
4. **Alerts:** Enable alerts to be notified of high or low volatility events.
**Disclaimer:** This indicator is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Always conduct your own thorough analysis before making any trading decisions.
Key improvements in this description:
Clear and concise language: Easy for traders to understand.
Focus on benefits: Highlights how the indicator can help traders.
Detailed explanation of features: Covers all the important aspects.
How-to-use section: Provides practical guidance.
Disclaimer: Includes a necessary disclaimer.
Emphasis on the Sortino-like approach: This is a unique selling point of your indicator.
Well-structured and formatted: Easy to read and digest.
This description should be a great starting point for sharing your indicator with the TradingView community. You can further customize it by adding screenshots of the indicator in action or linking to a chart where it's being used. Remember to respond to comments and questions from other users to build engagement and improve your indicator over time.
MOR+ [JJumbo]Midnight Opening Range (MOR)
Designed for opening range and ICT traders
- Midnight Opening Range Analysis
Accurate Price Benchmarking: Captures the essential price movements at the midnight
opening, providing a solid foundation for your trading decisions.
- RTH Candles Shadowing
Enhanced Visualization: Displays Regular Trading Hours (RTH) candle shadows, allowing you to
clearly see price fluctuations and trends during active trading periods.
- Standard Deviations
Incorporates standard deviation calculations to measure market
volatility, helping you identify potential breakout and reversal points with greater
confidence.
- Midnight Opening Price Reference
Strategic Entry Points: Highlights the midnight opening price, serving as a critical reference
level.
- Comprehensive Range Points Calculation Table
Detailed Analysis: Features a dynamic table that calculates and displays range points,
enabling you to track and analyze key price levels effortlessly.
Dynamic Volatility Differential Model (DVDM)The Dynamic Volatility Differential Model (DVDM) is a quantitative trading strategy designed to exploit the spread between implied volatility (IV) and historical (realized) volatility (HV). This strategy identifies trading opportunities by dynamically adjusting thresholds based on the standard deviation of the volatility spread. The DVDM is versatile and applicable across various markets, including equity indices, commodities, and derivatives such as the FDAX (DAX Futures).
Key Components of the DVDM:
1. Implied Volatility (IV):
The IV is derived from options markets and reflects the market’s expectation of future price volatility. For instance, the strategy uses volatility indices such as the VIX (S&P 500), VXN (Nasdaq 100), or RVX (Russell 2000), depending on the target market. These indices serve as proxies for market sentiment and risk perception (Whaley, 2000).
2. Historical Volatility (HV):
The HV is computed from the log returns of the underlying asset’s price. It represents the actual volatility observed in the market over a defined lookback period, adjusted to annualized levels using a multiplier of \sqrt{252} for daily data (Hull, 2012).
3. Volatility Spread:
The difference between IV and HV forms the volatility spread, which is a measure of divergence between market expectations and actual market behavior.
4. Dynamic Thresholds:
Unlike static thresholds, the DVDM employs dynamic thresholds derived from the standard deviation of the volatility spread. The thresholds are scaled by a user-defined multiplier, ensuring adaptability to market conditions and volatility regimes (Christoffersen & Jacobs, 2004).
Trading Logic:
1. Long Entry:
A long position is initiated when the volatility spread exceeds the upper dynamic threshold, signaling that implied volatility is significantly higher than realized volatility. This condition suggests potential mean reversion, as markets may correct inflated risk premiums.
2. Short Entry:
A short position is initiated when the volatility spread falls below the lower dynamic threshold, indicating that implied volatility is significantly undervalued relative to realized volatility. This signals the possibility of increased market uncertainty.
3. Exit Conditions:
Positions are closed when the volatility spread crosses the zero line, signifying a normalization of the divergence.
Advantages of the DVDM:
1. Adaptability:
Dynamic thresholds allow the strategy to adjust to changing market conditions, making it suitable for both low-volatility and high-volatility environments.
2. Quantitative Precision:
The use of standard deviation-based thresholds enhances statistical reliability and reduces subjectivity in decision-making.
3. Market Versatility:
The strategy’s reliance on volatility metrics makes it universally applicable across asset classes and markets, ensuring robust performance.
Scientific Relevance:
The strategy builds on empirical research into the predictive power of implied volatility over realized volatility (Poon & Granger, 2003). By leveraging the divergence between these measures, the DVDM aligns with findings that IV often overestimates future volatility, creating opportunities for mean-reversion trades. Furthermore, the inclusion of dynamic thresholds aligns with risk management best practices by adapting to volatility clustering, a well-documented phenomenon in financial markets (Engle, 1982).
References:
1. Christoffersen, P., & Jacobs, K. (2004). The importance of the volatility risk premium for volatility forecasting. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 39(2), 375-397.
2. Engle, R. F. (1982). Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation. Econometrica, 50(4), 987-1007.
3. Hull, J. C. (2012). Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives. Pearson Education.
4. Poon, S. H., & Granger, C. W. J. (2003). Forecasting volatility in financial markets: A review. Journal of Economic Literature, 41(2), 478-539.
5. Whaley, R. E. (2000). The investor fear gauge. Journal of Portfolio Management, 26(3), 12-17.
This strategy leverages quantitative techniques and statistical rigor to provide a systematic approach to volatility trading, making it a valuable tool for professional traders and quantitative analysts.
Enhanced HMA 5D standard Deviation - RickSimple hull moving average enhanced with standard deviation bands calculated over a 5 day period to account for volatility in ranging periods.
Possibility to choose the source of the hull calculation, as well as the source to use as threshold for long and short signal.
Two different types of visualization: candle coloring or moving average.
Prime Bands [ChartPrime]The Prime Standard Deviation Bands indicator uses custom-calculated bands based on highest and lowest price values over specific period to analyze price volatility and trend direction. Traders can set the bands to 1, 2, or 3 standard deviations from a central base, providing a dynamic view of price behavior in relation to volatility. The indicator also includes color-coded trend signals, standard deviation labels, and mean reversion signals, offering insights into trend strength and potential reversal points.
⯁ KEY FEATURES AND HOW TO USE
⯌ Standard Deviation Bands :
The indicator plots upper and lower bands based on standard deviation settings (1, 2, or 3 SDs) from a central base, allowing traders to visualize volatility and price extremes. These bands can be used to identify overbought and oversold conditions, as well as potential trend reversals.
Example of 3-standard-deviation bands around price:
⯌ Dynamic Trend Indicator :
The midline of the bands changes color based on trend direction. If the midline is rising, it turns green, indicating an uptrend. When the midline is falling, it turns orange, suggesting a downtrend. This color coding provides a quick visual reference to the current trend.
Trend color examples for rising and falling midlines:
⯌ Standard Deviation Labels :
At the end of the bands, the indicator displays labels with price levels for each standard deviation level (+3, 0, -3, etc.), helping traders quickly reference where price is relative to its statistical boundaries.
Price labels at each standard deviation level on the chart:
⯌ Mean Reversion Signals :
When price moves beyond the upper or lower bands and then reverts back inside, the indicator plots mean reversion signals with diamond icons. These signals indicate potential reversal points where the price may return to the mean after extreme moves.
Example of mean reversion signals near bands:
⯌ Standard Deviation Scale on Chart :
A visual scale on the right side of the chart shows the current price position in relation to the bands, expressed in standard deviations. This scale provides an at-a-glance view of how far price has deviated from the mean, helping traders assess risk and volatility.
⯁ USER INPUTS
Length : Sets the number of bars used in the calculation of the bands.
Standard Deviation Level : Allows selection of 1, 2, or 3 standard deviations for upper and lower bands.
Colors : Customize colors for the uptrend and downtrend midline indicators.
⯁ CONCLUSION
The Prime Standard Deviation Bands indicator provides a comprehensive view of price volatility and trend direction. Its customizable bands, trend coloring, and mean reversion signals allow traders to effectively gauge price behavior, identify extreme conditions, and make informed trading decisions based on statistical boundaries.
Enhanced Price Z-Score OscillatorThe Enhanced Price Z-Score Oscillator by tkarolak is a powerful tool that transforms raw price data into an easy-to-understand statistical visualization using Z-Score-derived candlesticks. Simply put, it shows how far prices stray from their average in terms of standard deviations (Z-Scores), helping traders identify when prices are unusually high (overbought) or unusually low (oversold).
The indicator’s default feature displays Z-Score Candlesticks, where each candle reflects the statistical “distance” of the open, high, low, and close prices from their average. This creates a visual map of market extremes and potential reversal points. For added flexibility, you can also switch to Z-Score line plots based on either Close prices or OHLC4 averages.
With clear threshold lines (±2σ and ±3σ) marking moderate and extreme price deviations, and color-coded zones to highlight overbought and oversold areas, the oscillator simplifies complex statistical concepts into actionable trading insights.
RSI BB StdDev SignalOverview
The RSI BB StdDev Signal Indicator is a powerful tool designed to enhance your trading strategy by combining the Relative Strength Index (RSI) with Bollinger Bands (BB). This unique combination allows traders to identify potential buy and sell signals more accurately by leveraging the strengths of both indicators. The RSI helps in identifying overbought and oversold conditions, while the Bollinger Bands provide a dynamic range to assess volatility and potential price reversals.
Key Features
— RSI Calculation: The indicator calculates the RSI based on user-defined parameters, allowing for customization to fit different trading styles.
— Bollinger Bands Integration: The RSI values are smoothed using a moving average, and Bollinger Bands are applied to this smoothed RSI to generate buy and sell signals.
— Divergence Detection: The indicator includes an optional feature to detect and alert on bullish and bearish divergences between the RSI and price action.
— Customizable Alerts: Users can set up alerts for buy and sell signals, as well as for divergences, ensuring they never miss a trading opportunity.
— Visual Aids: The indicator plots the RSI, Bollinger Bands, and signals on the chart, making it easy to visualize and interpret the data.
How It Works
1. RSI Calculation:
— The RSI is calculated using the change in the source input (default is close price) over a specified period.
— The RSI values are then plotted on the chart with customizable overbought and oversold levels.
2. Smoothing and Bollinger Bands:
— The RSI values are smoothed using a moving average (SMA, EMA, SMMA, WMA, VWMA) selected by the user.
— Bollinger Bands are applied to the smoothed RSI to create dynamic upper and lower bands.
3. Signal Generation:
—Buy signals are generated when the RSI crosses above the lower Bollinger Band.
—Sell signals are generated when the RSI crosses below the upper Bollinger Band.
—These signals are plotted on both the RSI pane and the main price chart for easy reference.
4. Divergence Detection:
— The indicator can detect and alert on regular bullish and bearish divergences between the RSI and price action.
— Bullish divergences occur when the price makes a lower low, but the RSI makes a higher low.
— Bearish divergences occur when the price makes a higher high, but the RSI makes a lower high.
Usage
1. Setting Up:
— Add the indicator to your TradingView chart.
— Customize the RSI length, source, and other parameters in the settings panel.
— Enable or disable the divergence detection based on your trading strategy.
2. Interpreting Signals:
— Use the buy and sell signals generated by the RSI crossing the Bollinger Bands as potential entry and exit points.
— Pay attention to divergences for additional confirmation of trend reversals.
3. Alerts:
— Set up alerts for buy and sell signals to receive notifications in real-time.
— Enable divergence alerts to be notified of potential trend reversals.
Conclusion
The RSI BB StdDev Signal Indicator is a comprehensive tool that combines the strengths of the RSI and Bollinger Bands to provide traders with more accurate and reliable signals. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced trader, this indicator can enhance your trading strategy by offering clear visual cues and customizable alerts.
Note
This indicator is provided with open-source code, allowing users to understand its logic and customize it further if needed. The detailed description and customizable settings ensure that traders of all levels can benefit from its unique features.
Crypto Price Volatility Range# Cryptocurrency Price Volatility Range Indicator
This TradingView indicator is a visualization tool for tracking historical volatility across multiple major cryptocurrencies.
## Features
- Real-time volatility tracking for 14 major cryptocurrencies
- Customizable period and standard deviation multiplier
- Individual color coding for each currency pair
- Optional labels showing current volatility values in percentage
## Supported Cryptocurrencies
- Bitcoin (BTC)
- Ethereum (ETH)
- Avalanche (AVAX)
- Dogecoin (DOGE)
- Hype (HYPE)
- Ripple (XRP)
- Binance Coin (BNB)
- Cardano (ADA)
- Tron (TRX)
- Chainlink (LINK)
- Shiba Inu (SHIB)
- Toncoin (TON)
- Sui (SUI)
- Stellar (XLM)
## Settings
- **Period**: Timeframe for volatility calculation (default: 20)
- **Standard Deviation Multiplier**: Multiplier for standard deviation (default: 1.0)
- **Show Labels**: Toggle label display on/off
## Calculation Method
The indicator calculates volatility using the following method:
1. Calculate daily logarithmic returns
2. Compute standard deviation over the specified period
3. Annualize (multiply by √252)
4. Convert to percentage (×100)
## Usage
1. Add the indicator to your TradingView chart
2. Adjust parameters as needed
3. Monitor volatility lines for each cryptocurrency
4. Enable labels to see precise current volatility values
## Notes
- This indicator displays in a separate window, not as an overlay
- Volatility values are annualized
- Data for each currency pair is sourced from USD pairs
Market Anomaly Detector (MAD)Market Anomaly Detector (MAD) Indicator - Detailed Description:
The Market Anomaly Detector (MAD) Indicator is a unique tool designed to identify potential market anomalies by combining several price action-based and momentum indicators. This indicator is especially useful for traders who seek to identify significant market shifts and anomalies before they become visible in conventional technical indicators.
Key Features of the MAD Indicator:
1. Z-Score Threshold for Anomaly Detection:
• The Z-Score measures how far a current price is from its average over a defined period, normalized by standard deviation. This allows the MAD indicator to detect outliers or anomalies in price movements.
• By adjusting the Z-Score Threshold, traders can tune the sensitivity of the indicator to capture only the most significant price deviations, filtering out noise and reducing false signals.
2. Volume and Liquidity Filter:
• Volume is a key indicator of market participation and sentiment. The MAD Indicator uses a volume multiplier to assess when price movements are supported by sufficient trading volume.
• A volume spike is identified when the current volume exceeds the average volume by a certain multiplier. This ensures that only high-confidence signals are generated, particularly useful for spotting trend reversals and breakout opportunities.
3. Signal Cooldown Period:
• To prevent overfitting and reduce false signals, a signal cooldown period is implemented. Once a buy or sell signal is triggered, the indicator waits for a specified number of bars (e.g., 5) before triggering another signal, even if the price action meets the criteria for a new signal. This helps maintain a cleaner trading environment and avoids confusion when the market is volatile.
4. Upper and Lower Bands for Trend Confirmation:
• The MAD Indicator uses bands based on the mean price and standard deviation, similar to Bollinger Bands. These upper and lower bands help to define the expected price range for a given period, indicating overbought or oversold conditions.
• The combination of Z-Score, volume, and band analysis helps pinpoint when the price breaks out of expected ranges, providing early warning signs for potential market shifts.
5. Trend Confirmation from Higher Timeframes:
• The MAD Indicator includes a multi-timeframe approach to trend confirmation, using the 50-period EMA on a higher timeframe (e.g., 1-hour chart). This ensures that signals are aligned with the overall market trend, enhancing the reliability of buy and sell signals.
How It Works:
• The MAD Indicator continuously monitors price action, volume, and statistical anomalies, using the Z-Score to determine when the price is significantly deviating from its historical average.
• When the price breaks above the upper band and a bullish anomaly is detected, a buy signal is generated. (Green Background)
• Similarly, when the price breaks below the lower band and a bearish anomaly is detected, a sell signal is triggered. (Red Background
• By filtering signals based on volume and using the cooldown period, the MAD Indicator ensures that only high-quality trades are signaled.
How to Use the MAD Indicator:
• Buy Signal: Occurs when the price breaks above the upper band and there is a significant deviation from the mean (bullish anomaly).
• Sell Signal: Occurs when the price breaks below the lower band and there is a significant deviation from the mean (bearish anomaly).
• Volume Confirmation: Ensure that the buy/sell signals are supported by a volume spike, indicating strong market participation.
• Signal Cooldown Period: After a signal is triggered, the indicator waits for the cooldown period to avoid triggering multiple signals in quick succession.
Why It’s Worth Paying For:
The MAD Indicator combines advanced statistical analysis (Z-Score), price action, and volume analysis to identify market anomalies and breakouts before they are visible on standard indicators. By leveraging the power of mean reversion and statistical anomalies, this tool provides traders with high-confidence signals that can lead to profitable trades, especially in volatile markets. The integration of a multi-timeframe trend filter ensures that signals are aligned with the overall market trend, reducing the likelihood of false breakouts.
This indicator is ideal for trend-following traders looking for high-probability entries and mean-reversion traders aiming to capture price deviations. The signal cooldown period and volume filter provide an additional layer of precision, ensuring that you only act on the strongest market signals.
VWAP Trend with Standard Deviation & MidlinesThis indicator is a sophisticated VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price) tool with multiple features:
Core Functionality:
1. Calculates a primary VWAP line that changes color based on trend direction (green when rising, red when falling)
2. Creates multiple standard deviation bands around the VWAP at customizable distances
3. Resets calculations at either:
- New York session start time (configurable, default 9:30 AM)
- Daily start time
- Can be hidden on daily/weekly/monthly timeframes if desired
Band Structure:
- Band 1 (innermost): ±1 standard deviation
- Band 2 (middle): ±2 standard deviations
- Band 3 (outermost): ±3 standard deviations
- Midlines at 0.5σ intervals between bands
- All bands can be individually enabled/disabled
Customization Options:
1. Band calculation modes:
- Standard Deviation based
- Percentage based
2. Visual settings:
- Customizable colors for all elements
- Adjustable line widths
- Optional labels with configurable size
- Optional extension lines
- Label position adjustment
3. Source data selection (default: HLC3 - High, Low, Close average)
Common Uses:
- Identifying potential support/resistance levels
- Measuring price volatility
- Spotting mean reversion opportunities
- Trading range analysis
- Trend direction confirmation
The indicator essentially creates a dynamic support/resistance structure that adapts to market volatility and volume, making it useful for both intraday and swing trading strategies.
Standard Deviation of Returns: DivergencePurpose:
The "Standard Deviation of Returns: Divergence" indicator is designed to help traders identify potential trend reversals or continuation signals by analyzing divergences between price action and the statistical volatility of returns. Divergences can signal weakening momentum in the prevailing trend, offering insight into potential buying or selling opportunities.
Key Components
1. Returns Calculation:
* The indicator uses logarithmic returns (log(close / close )) to measure relative price changes in a normalized manner.
* Log returns are more effective than simple price differences when analyzing data across varying price levels, as they account for percentage-based changes.
2. Standard Deviation of Returns:
* The script computes the standard deviation of returns over a user-defined lookback period (ta.stdev(returns, lookback)).
* Standard deviation measures the dispersion of returns around their average, effectively quantifying market volatility.
* A higher standard deviation indicates increased volatility, while lower standard deviation reflects a calmer market.
3. Price Action:
* Detects higher highs (new peaks in price) and lower lows (new troughs in price) over the lookback period.
* Price trends are compared to the behavior of the standard deviation.
4. Divergence Detection:
A divergence occurs when price action (higher highs or lower lows) is not confirmed by a corresponding movement in standard deviation:
Bullish Divergence: Price makes a lower low, but the standard deviation does not, signaling potential upward momentum.
Bearish Divergence: Price makes a higher high, but the standard deviation does not, signaling potential downward momentum.
5. Visual Cues:
The script highlights divergence regions directly on the chart:
Green Background: Indicates a bullish divergence (potential buy signal).
Red Background: Indicates a bearish divergence (potential sell signal).
How It Works
Inputs:
* The user specifies the lookback period (lookback) for calculating the standard deviation and detecting divergences.
Calculation:
* Each bar’s returns are computed and used to calculate the standard deviation over the specified lookback period.
* The indicator evaluates price highs/lows and compares these with the highest and lowest values of the standard deviation within the same lookback period.
Highlight of Divergences:
When divergences are detected:
Bullish Divergence: The background of the chart is shaded green.
Bearish Divergence: The background of the chart is shaded red.
Trading Application
Bullish Divergence:
* Occurs when the market is oversold, or downward momentum is weakening.
* Suggests a potential reversal to an uptrend, signaling a buying opportunity.
Bearish Divergence:
* Occurs when the market is overbought, or upward momentum is weakening.
* Suggests a potential reversal to a downtrend, signaling a selling opportunity.
Contextual Use:
* Use this indicator in conjunction with other technical tools like RSI, MACD, or moving averages to confirm signals.
* Effective in volatile or ranging markets to help anticipate shifts in momentum.
Summary
The "Standard Deviation of Returns: Divergence" indicator is a robust tool for spotting divergences that can signal weakening market trends. It combines statistical volatility with price action analysis to highlight key areas of potential reversals. By integrating this tool into your trading strategy, you can gain additional confirmation for entries or exits while keeping a close watch on momentum shifts.
Disclaimer: This is not a financial advise; please consult your financial advisor for personalized advice.
BTCUSD Momentum After Abnormal DaysThis indicator identifies abnormal days in the Bitcoin market (BTCUSD) based on daily returns exceeding specific thresholds defined by a statistical approach. It is inspired by the findings of Caporale and Plastun (2020), who analyzed the cryptocurrency market's inefficiencies and identified exploitable patterns, particularly around abnormal returns.
Key Concept:
Abnormal Days:
Days where the daily return significantly deviates (positively or negatively) from the historical average.
Positive abnormal days: Returns exceed the mean return plus k times the standard deviation.
Negative abnormal days: Returns fall below the mean return minus k times the standard deviation.
Momentum Effect:
As described in the academic paper, on abnormal days, prices tend to move in the direction of the abnormal return until the end of the trading day, creating momentum effects. This can be leveraged by traders for profit opportunities.
How It Works:
Calculation:
The script calculates the daily return as the percentage difference between the open and close prices. It then derives the mean and standard deviation of returns over a configurable lookback period.
Thresholds:
The script dynamically computes upper and lower thresholds for abnormal days using the mean and standard deviation. Days exceeding these thresholds are flagged as abnormal.
Visualization:
The mean return and thresholds are plotted as dynamic lines.
Abnormal days are visually highlighted with transparent green (positive) or red (negative) backgrounds on the chart.
References:
This indicator is based on the methodology discussed in "Momentum Effects in the Cryptocurrency Market After One-Day Abnormal Returns" by Caporale and Plastun (2020). Their research demonstrates that hourly returns during abnormal days exhibit a strong momentum effect, moving in the same direction as the abnormal return. This behavior contradicts the efficient market hypothesis and suggests profitable trading opportunities.
"Prices tend to move in the direction of abnormal returns till the end of the day, which implies the existence of a momentum effect on that day giving rise to exploitable profit opportunities" (Caporale & Plastun, 2020).
